Assalamu Alaykum,
We should not be keeping dogs in the home.
Some Scholars say that even for security, its best not to keep a dog. There are better ways of securing a house or business now.
We are told by the Prophet
to treat all animals well. They are to be helped and cared for if in distress and this is for dogs too. But, we should not keep them as they are an impure animal.
The Prophet
said:
"a man saw a dog biting the dust because of thirst, so he took his shoe and started to scoop water up with it until the dog’s thirst was quenched. Allaah appreciated his good deed and granted him entry to Paradise for it." (Reported by al-Bukhaari, no. 174)
and in another hadith:
The Prophet
said:
"Whilst a man was walking he became very thirsty, so he went down to a well and drank from it. When he came out, he saw a dog panting and biting the soil because of thirst. The man said, ‘He is suffering the same as I suffered,’ so he filled his shoe (with water), came out and let the dog drink until his thirst was quenched. Allaah appreciated his good deed and forgave him because of it." The people asked, "O Messenger of Allaah, will we be rewarded for how we treat animals?" He said, "In every living thing there is a reward." (Reported by al-Bukhaari, Fath, no. 2363)
According to the proper understanding, Every part of the dog is impure. This is because of its nature, i.e. it licks its body and spreads its saliva and germs.
The Dog is very dirty:
The Prophet
said:
"If a dog licks the vessel of any one of you, let him throw away whatever was in it and wash it seven times." (Reported by Muslim, no. 418).
Also, keep in mind that the angels do not go into the home which has a dog.
The Prophet
said
"The angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog." (Reported by al-Bukhaari, 3225)
The Prophet
said:
"Whoever keeps a dog, his good deeds will decrease every day by one qeeraat (a unit of measurement), unless it is a dog for farming or herding." According to another report: ". . . unless it is a dog for herding sheep, farming or hunting." (Reported by al-Bukhaari, al-Fath, 2322)
Cats and many other animals which are by nature cleaner animals are allowed.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ishaq ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Talha from Humayda bint Abi Ubayda ibn Farwa that her maternal aunt Kabsha bint Kab ibn Malik, who was the wife of the son of Abu Qatada al-Ansari, told her that once Abu Qatada was visiting her and she poured out some water for him to do wudu with. Just then a cat came to drink from it, so he tilted the vessel towards it to let it drink. Kabsha continued, "He saw me looking at him and said, 'Are you surprised, daughter of my brother?' I said, 'Yes.' He replied that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, cats are not impure. They intermingle with you .' "
Yahya said that Malik said, "There is no harm in that unless one sees impurities on the cat's mouth." - Hadith from Muwatta.
The following is a hadith from the authentic collection of Imam Muslim:
Dawud ibn Salih ibn Dinar at-Tammar quoted his mother as saying that her mistress sent her with some pudding (harisah) to Aisha who was offering prayer. She made a sign to me to place it down. A cat came and ate some of it, but when Aisha finished her prayer, she ate from the place where the cat had eaten. She stated: The Messenger of Allah said: It is not unclean: it is one of those who go round among you. She added: I saw the Messenger of Allah performing ablution from the water left over by the cat.
Good Treatment of Cats:
Hadith - Bukhari 3:553
Allah's Apostle
said,
"A woman was tortured and was put in Hell because of a cat which she had kept locked till it died of hunger." Allah's Apostle
further said,
"(Allah knows better) Allah said (to the woman), 'You neither fed it nor watered when you locked it up, nor did you set it free to eat the insects of the earth.' "