salahdin
Junior Member
أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزَهِ وَنَفْخِهِ
سُوۡرَةُ حٰمٓ السجدة / فُصّلَت
۞ وَقَيَّضۡنَا لَهُمۡ قُرَنَآءَ فَزَيَّنُواْ لَهُم مَّا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيہِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُمۡ وَحَقَّ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلُ فِىٓ أُمَمٍ۬ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ*!ۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ خَـٰسِرِينَ (٢٥) وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَا تَسۡمَعُواْ لِهَـٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ وَٱلۡغَوۡاْ فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَغۡلِبُونَ (٢٦) فَلَنُذِيقَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ عَذَابً۬ا شَدِيدً۬ا وَلَنَجۡزِيَنَّہُمۡ أَسۡوَأَ ٱلَّذِى كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ (٢٧) ذَٲلِكَ جَزَآءُ أَعۡدَآءِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّارُ*!ۖ لَهُمۡ فِيہَا دَارُ ٱلۡخُلۡدِ*!ۖ جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا يَجۡحَدُونَ (٢٨) وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ڪَفَرُواْ رَبَّنَآ أَرِنَا ٱلَّذَيۡنِ أَضَلَّانَا مِنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ نَجۡعَلۡهُمَا تَحۡتَ أَقۡدَامِنَا لِيَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَسۡفَلِينَ
۞ وَقَيَّضۡنَا لَهُمۡ قُرَنَآءَ فَزَيَّنُواْ لَهُم مَّا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيہِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُمۡ وَحَقَّ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقَوۡلُ فِىٓ أُمَمٍ۬ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ*!ۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ خَـٰسِرِينَ (٢٥) وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَا تَسۡمَعُواْ لِهَـٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ وَٱلۡغَوۡاْ فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَغۡلِبُونَ (٢٦) فَلَنُذِيقَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ عَذَابً۬ا شَدِيدً۬ا وَلَنَجۡزِيَنَّہُمۡ أَسۡوَأَ ٱلَّذِى كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ (٢٧) ذَٲلِكَ جَزَآءُ أَعۡدَآءِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّارُ*!ۖ لَهُمۡ فِيہَا دَارُ ٱلۡخُلۡدِ*!ۖ جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا يَجۡحَدُونَ (٢٨) وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ڪَفَرُواْ رَبَّنَآ أَرِنَا ٱلَّذَيۡنِ أَضَلَّانَا مِنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ نَجۡعَلۡهُمَا تَحۡتَ أَقۡدَامِنَا لِيَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَسۡفَلِينَ
I seek refuge with Allah, the Hearing, the Knowing, from the cursed Satan, from his coercion, lures to arrogance
Surah Fussilat
And We assigned them comrades (in the world), who made their present and their past fairseeming unto them. And the Word concerning nations of the jinn and humankind who passed away before them hath effect for them. Verily they were ever losers. (25) Those who disbelieve say: Heed not this Qur'an, and drown the hearing of it; haply ye may conquer. (26) But verily We shall cause those who disbelieve to taste an awful doom, and verily We shall requite them the worst of what they used to do. (27) That is the reward of Allah's enemies: the Fire. Therein is their immortal home, payment forasmuch as they denied Our revelations. (28) And those who disbelieve will say: Our Lord! Show us those who beguiled us of the jinn and humankind. We will place them underneath our feet that they may be among the nethermost. (29) 41:25-29
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزَهِ وَنَفْخِهِ
Allah says,
وَقَيَّضْنَا لَهُمْ قُرَنَاء ...
And We have assigned for them intimate companions (in this world),
The intimate Companions of the Idolators make Evil Actions attractive to Them. Allah tells us that He is the One Who sends the idolators astray, and that this happens by His will and decree. He is the All-Wise in His actions, when He appoints for them close companions from among the devils of men and Jinn.
... فَزَيَّنُوا لَهُم مَّا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ ...
who have made fair seeming to them, what was before them and what was behind them. means, they made their deeds attractive to them in the past. As far as the future is concerned, they only see themselves as doing good, as Allah says:
وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَـنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ
وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ
And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him. And verily, they hinder them from the path, but they think that they are guided aright! (43:36-37) وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَصُدُّونَهُمْ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ وَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ
... وَحَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فِي أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنسِ إِنَّهُمْ ...
And the Word is justified against them as it was justified against those who were among the previous generations of Jinn and men that had passed away before them. means, the Word of torment, just as it was justified against the nations of the past who did what they did, men and Jinn alike.
... كَانُوا خَاسِرِينَ ﴿٢٥﴾
Indeed they (all) were the losers. means, they are all equal in terms of loss and being doomed
How the disbelievers advised One Another not to listen to the Qur'an, and the Recompense for that
Allay says,
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَا تَسْمَعُوا لِهَذَا الْقُرْآنِ ...
And those who disbelieve say: "Listen not to this Qur'an...'' means, they advised one another not to pay heed to the Qur'an or obey its commands.
... وَالْغَوْا فِيهِ ...
and make noise in the midst of its, means, when it is recited, do not listen to it.
This was the view of Mujahid.
"And make noise in the midst of its (recitation)''
means whistling and trying to make the Messenger of Allah confused when he recited Qur'an, which is what the Quraysh did.
... لَعَلَّكُمْ تَغْلِبُونَ ﴿٢٦﴾
that you may overcome. means, this is the practice of these ignorant disbelievers and those who follow in their footsteps, when they hear the Qur'an. Allah commanded us to be different from that, and said:
وَإِذَا قُرِىءَ الْقُرْءَانُ فَاسْتَمِعُواْ لَهُ وَأَنصِتُواْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ
So, when the Qur'an is recited, listen to it, and be silent that you may receive mercy. (7:204)Then Allah says:
فَلَنُذِيقَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا ...
But surely, We shall cause those who disbelieve to taste a severe torment, meaning, in return for what they do when they hear the Qur'an.
... وَلَنَجْزِيَنَّهُمْ أَسْوَأَ الَّذِي كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ﴿٢٧﴾
and certainly, We shall requite them the worst of what they used to do. means, for their evil deeds.
ذَلِكَ جَزَاء أَعْدَاء اللَّهِ النَّارُ لَهُمْ فِيهَا دَارُ الْخُلْدِ جَزَاء بِمَا كَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يَجْحَدُونَ ﴿٢٨﴾
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا رَبَّنَا أَرِنَا الَّذَيْنِ أَضَلَّانَا مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنسِ نَجْعَلْهُمَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا لِيَكُونَا مِنَ الْأَسْفَلِينَ ﴿٢٩﴾
That is the recompense of the enemies of Allah: the Fire. Therein will be for them the eternal home, a recompense for that they used to deny Our Ayat. وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا رَبَّنَا أَرِنَا الَّذَيْنِ أَضَلَّانَا مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنسِ نَجْعَلْهُمَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا لِيَكُونَا مِنَ الْأَسْفَلِينَ ﴿٢٩﴾
And those who disbelieve will say: "Our Lord! Show us those among Jinn and men who led us astray, that we may crush them under our feet so that they become the lowest.''
It was reported that Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said, concerning the phrase,
الَّذَيْنِ أَضَلَّانَا
(those who led us astray): "Iblis and the son of Adam who killed his brother.''
As-Suddi reported that Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said;
"Iblis is followed by everyone who commits Shirk and the son of Adam is followed by everyone who commits a major sin. So Iblis is the one who calls people to every evil thing, such as Shirk and lesser sins.''
As for the first son of Adam, it is as confirmed in the Hadith:
مَا قُتِلَتْ نَفْسٌ ظُلْمًا إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الْأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دَمِهَا،لِأَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَنَّ الْقَتْل
No soul is wrongfully killed, but a share of the burden (of that sin) will be upon the first son of Adam, because he was the first one who set the precedent of killing another....نَجْعَلْهُمَا تَحْتَ أَقْدَامِنَا ...
that we may crush them under our feet, means, `make them beneath us in the torment, so that they will be punished more severely than us.'
... لِيَكُونَا مِنَ الْأَسْفَلِينَ
so that they become the lowest. means, in the lowest level of Hell, as already mentioned in Surah Al-A`raf, where the followers ask Allah to multiply the torment for their leaders:
قَالَ لِكُلٍّ ضِعْفٌ وَلَـكِن لاَّ تَعْلَمُونَ
(Allah) said: "For each one there is double (torment), but you know not.'' (7:38) i.e., Allah will give each of them the torment and punishment they deserve for their deeds.
This is like the Ayah:
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ زِدْنَـهُمْ عَذَابًا فَوْقَ الْعَذَابِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يُفْسِدُونَ
Those who disbelieved and hinder (men) from the path of Allah, for them We will add torment to the torment because they used to spread corruption. (16:88)
