Morals and Manners in Islam

Happy 2BA Muslim

Islamophilic
وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلى خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ(القلم)
“And indeed you are of a great moral character” (Al-Qalam: 4)

Morality is an important aspect of Islam. High morals is considered the protecting fortress which Muslims seek security in, and the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam pointed to its importance when he said:

((بعثت لأتمم مكارم الأخلاق))

“I was sent to perfect honourable morals.” The Prophet (PBUH) was sent for the mercy of mankind, for the goodness of mankind, and for the guidance of mankind. The Almighty says what can be translated as,

((وما أرسلناك الا رحمة للعالمين))

“And We have sent you (O Muhammad): not but as a mercy for the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists)”. (TMQ, 21:107)
Islam emphasizes that we take care of our physical appearance by keeping it clean, properly covered, healthy and nourished with Halal food and drinks. In a similar way it tells us that we should take care of our character and behavior.

وَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ لَمَّا بَلَغَهُ مَبْعَثُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِأَخِيهِ ارْكَبْ إِلَى هَذَا الْوَادِي فَاسْمَعْ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فَرَجَعَ فَقَالَ رَأَيْتُهُ يَأْمُرُ بِمَكَارِمِ الْأَخْلَاقِ (البخاري)

And Abu Dharr said that when he heard about the coming of the Prophet -peace be upon him- he said to his brother, ‘Go to this valley and hear his words.’ He returned and said to him, ‘I saw him commanding people about the noblest morals and manners.’ (Al-Bukhari)

The Prophet was sent by Allah to teach the humanity the noblest morals (makarim al-akhlaq).

There are many Ahadith that indicate the high place of morals and manners in Islam. The good morals and manners should be observed in one’s personal life as well as in one’s relations with others.

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْإِيمَانُ بِضْعٌ وَسَبْعُونَ أَوْ بِضْعٌ وَسِتُّونَ شُعْبَةً فَأَفْضَلُهَا قَوْلُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَدْنَاهَا إِمَاطَةُ الْأَذَى عَنْ الطَّرِيقِ وَالْحَيَاءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنْ الْإِيمَانِ (مسلم)

“Faith has over seventy branches or over sixty branches, the most excellent
of which is the declaration that there is no god but Allah, and the humblest of which is the, removal of what is injurious (harmful) from the road; and modesty is a branch of faith (7)” (Muslim 51)

Thus, removing harm from the road is one of the branches of faith. What is your opinion of a person who opens the window of his car and throws the remainder of his food in the street? Or of someone who throws chewing gum from their mouth into the street? Do you believe that by doing so you have lost a branch of your faith? Actually, you have. You are required to remove harm from the road. This will be proof of your faith. What do you think of a person who does the opposite? We want to retrieve and instill the relation between faith and manners. Consequently, when you are doing a moral mistake, you are committing a sin.

These issues are not small; they are very important. No macro change can come without the micro change. Bad manners have sometimes drastic social effects.

We observe good morals and manners to obey Allah and His Messenger. This is part of our faith. Our faith leads to good morals and manners and they in their turn reinforce our faith.

Unfortunately, some Muslims make a great separation between manners and Ibadat (acts of worship), and between religion and life. Inside the mosque, one is straight, women are wearing the appropriate Hijab, you are praying full-heartedly. However, outside the mosque, you are different. Where are manners then? You will reply, “as long as Ibadat are regularly performed, manners have no importance!”

Some think that life is an issue, and religion and performing Ibadat are another. Brothers and sisters, this is an incorrect concept. This separation has nothing to do with Islam. Islam is one unit. Islam is an integral whole. Hence, this grave separation results in two kinds of people:
1. The first is an ‘ill-mannered but good worshipper’ kind of person.
2. The second is a ‘good-mannered but bad worshipper’ kind of person.
They are two deformed models that have nothing to do with Islam.
The Prophet (PBUH) said,

يقول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم :- والله لا يؤمن والله لا يؤمن والله لا يؤمن ، قيل من يا رسول الله ، قال : من لا يأمن جاره بوائقه "

“By Allah, he does not believe! By Allah, he does not believe! By Allah he does not believe!” It was said, “Who is that, O, Allah’s Apostle?” He said, “That person whose neighbor does not feel safe from his evil.”(5) Notice to what extent faith is related to manners.

Indeed, faith and manners form one unit. They are an integral whole.

Some people came to the Prophet (PBUH) and told him that a certain woman was well-known for her praying, fasting, and giving much Sadaqat but she was harming her neighbor. He said, “She is in the hellfire”. Imagine! It is said that she was well known for her praying, fasting, and giving much Sadaqat. However, he said, “She is in the hellfire”. Then, it was said to the Prophet (PBUH) that another woman was well known for her little amount of praying, fasting, and giving too little Sadaqat but she was not harming her neighbors. He said, “She is in paradise”.

By the way, this is not an invitation to decrease prayer. We do not want to improve one thing at the expense of another. We want discipline in both matters. We want a balance.

Another Hadith of the Prophet (PBUH) said,

" إن شر الناس منزلة يوم القيامة من يتركه الناس اتقاء شره "

“The worst people are those whom people desert or leave in order to save themselves from their dirty language or from their transgression.”(6).
Imagine a father who warns his son not to play with the son of a neighbor, in case his mother would make a scandal, and create unnecessary problems. Ironically, this mother might wear the appropriate hijab. What is the value of this hijab if people are avoiding you to protect themselves from your evil?
On the other hand, we should also keep in mind the best da’wah is to live among people with good morals and manners. Before listening to our message people see us and our behavior. Non-Muslims sometimes say when they see the bad example of Muslims, “If your religion has not made you a good person, how can it be a good religion for us.” We have a big responsibility and we must take our actions seriously.

If we carefully study the verses of the holy Qur’an, we will discover an amazing matter. Whenever Allah talks about the characteristics of believers, we will find that the moral characteristics always come with it.

For example, Allah says what can be translated as,

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ(1)الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ(2)وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ(3)وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكَاةِ فَاعِلُونَ(4)وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حَافِظُونَ(5)إِلَّا عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِمْ أوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ(6)فَمَنْ ابْتَغَى وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ فَأُوْلَئِكَ هُمْ الْعَادُونَ(7)وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِأَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَعَهْدِهِمْ رَاعُونَ(8)

“Successful indeed are the believers. Those who offer their Salât (prayers) with all solemnity and full submissiveness. And those who turn away from Al-Laghw (dirty, false, evil vain talk, falsehood, and all that Allâh has forbidden). And those who pay the Zakât. And those who guard their chastity (i.e. private parts, from illegal sexual acts) Except from their wives or (the slaves) that their right hands possess, - for then, they are free from blame; But whoever seeks beyond that, then those are the transgressors; 8. Those who are faithfully true to their Amanât (all the duties which Allâh has ordained, honesty, moral responsibility and trusts) and to their covenants;” (TMQ, 23:1-7).

Do you see the characteristics of believers? They have both manners and worship.

Allah says what can be translated as,

" وَعِبَادُ الرَّحْمَانِ الَّذِينَ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ هَوْنًا وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمْ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا(63)" -(خُلُق)- "وَالَّذِينَ يَبِيتُونَ لِرَبِّهِمْ سُجَّدًا وَقِيَامًا (64) "-( عبادة )-"وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اصْرِفْ عَنَّا عَذَابَ جَهَنَّمَ إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَامًا(65)" "إِنَّهَا سَاءَتْ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَمُقَامًا(66)" -( عبادة )- "وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا أَنفَقُوا لَمْ يُسْرِفُوا وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُوا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَوَامًا(67)"

“And the (faithful) slaves of the Most Gracious (Allâh) are those who walk on the earth in humility and sedateness, and when the foolish address them (with bad words) they reply back with mild words of gentleness. And those who spend the night in worship of their Lord, prostrate and standing. And those who say: “Our Lord! Avert from us the torment of Hell. Verily its torment is ever an inseparable, permanent punishment.” Evil indeed it (Hell) is as an abode and as a place to rest in. And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a medium (way) between those (extremes).” (TMQ, 25:63-67).


You will be greatly surprised when you know the benefits of good manners and behaviors. The Prophet (PBUH) said,

عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ يُوضَعُ فِي الْمِيزَانِ أَثْقَلُ مِنْ حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ وَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ حُسْنِ الْخُلُقِ لَيَبْلُغُ بِهِ دَرَجَةَ صَاحِبِ الصَّوْمِ وَالصَّلَاةِ (الترمذي)

“Nothing is heavier in a slave’s balance on the day of judgment, than good manners”(10). The most important thing on the Day of Judgment is not just prayers but good manners. The Prophet (PBUH) said,

" إن أحسن الناس إسلاماً أحسنهم خلقاً "

“The best amongst you are those who have the best manners and character”(11) and he also said,

" أكمل المؤمنين إيماناً أحسنهم خلقاً "

“Those with the best manners are those with the most complete faith”(12).
Look closely at the words: do you see those whose belief is “heaviest, best and most complete”? The one who has the most complete faith is the one with the best manners, even if his rituals and religious knowledge still need to be worked on. The Prophet (PBUH) said,

" إن أقربكم مني مجلساً يوم القيامة أحاسنكم خلقاً "

“The nearest to me in heaven are those with the best manners.”(13) He also said,

" أكثر ما يدخل الناس الجنة تقوى الله وحسن الخلق "

“The thing that leads people to heaven is fear of Allah and good manners.”(14)

جاء وفد لنبي الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : " وسألوا النبي : من أحب عباد الله إلى الله ؟ قال : أحسنهم خلقاً "

A delegation came to see the Prophet (PBUH) and asked him, “Who are the dearest to Allah?” and he said, “Those with the best manners.”

Do you see how important it is to have good manners? If you fail to see this then you are heading in the wrong direction.

You want to study the Qur’an, and the sciences of religion; well this is all very important, but how are your manners?

The Prophet (PBUH) said,

" ألا أخبركم بأحبكم إليّ : قالوا بلى يا رسول الله ، ألا أخبركم بأحبكم إليّ : قالوا بلى يا رسول الله ألا أخبركم بأحبكم إليّ : قالوا بلى يا رسول الله : قال أحسنكم خلقاً "

“Would you like to know who I love most among you?” and his companions said, “Aye prophet of Allah.” and he answered, “Those with the best manners”(15). He also said,

" إن المؤمن ليدرك بحسن خلقه درجة الصائم القائم "

“The faithful believer reaches the rank of a Muslim who fasts and prays day and night, with his good manners.”(16) Therefore, His supplication,

" اللهم اهدني بأحسن الأخلاق لا يهدي لأحسنها إلا أنت "

“O Allah guide me to the best of manners for only You can guide me to them”(17).

When the Prophet looked at himself in the mirror he used to say,

" اللهم كما حسنت خَلقي فأحسن خُلُقي "

“O Allah as you have perfected my face make my manners as perfect”.(18) He was that persistent. Do you follow his tradition (his way and method of life) and say the same supplication? No, when you look in the mirror and see how handsome you are, you tell yourself that no one is more handsome or smarter than you are.

The Prophet (PBUH) said,

– أي ضامن – “أنا زعيم ببيت في أعلى الجنة لمن حسن خلقه"

“I guarantee an abode (house) at the highest point in heaven to those with good manners”.(19) Can you imagine? The Prophet himself guarantees you a place in heaven; wouldn’t you look for the means to achieve this goal?
The Prophet (PBUH) said,

" إنكم لن تسعوا الناس بأموالكم ، فسعوهم ببسطة الوجه وحسن الخلق"

“You will never be able to contain people with either your houses or your money, so contain them with smiling faces and good manners”.(20)
Do you want people to love you? Greet them with a smile and improve your manners.

I would like to ask you a question: is it possible to change our manners? Can the selfish become generous or is it impossible? Are we genetically forced to be one and not the other? Could an impatient person become patient? Can a girl who is very blunt and loud become a shy reserved person? In short, is change possible?

The Prophet (PBUH) taught us that,

" إنما العلم بالتعلم ، وإنما الحلم بالتحلّم ، وإنما الصبر بالتصبّر "

“Knowledge means taking it upon one’s self to learn, meekness (showing patience and humility) means taking it upon one’s self to be meek and patience means taking it upon one’s self be patient”.(21)

The Prophet wants to teach us that it is possible to change one’s manners. We should never think that we are not capable of change. Many people have changed tremendously after becoming more religious. People often wonder how a person became so calm after being unbearable in the past.

The answer is simple: this person chose the latter Hadith to act upon.

Therefore, it is possible to change one’s nature.
 

Happy 2BA Muslim

Islamophilic
Tests of Moral Character



Tests of Moral Character​

Moral integrity and upright conduct are held in high esteem by all people and all religions. They are a fundamental part of the Message of all the Prophets (peace be upon him), so much so that the last of the Prophets – Muhammad (peace be upon him) – said: “I was only sent to perfect good moral character.”

There is no need to speak at lengths on this point, since it is something about which all people agree. You find that even those who campaign against moral character and act immorally and unscrupulously invariably speak highly of moral character and admit to its virtue.

A person might adopt good manners under certain circumstances, simply because they are prevailing or he might do so little by little. Even this is something good. Abû al-Dardâ said – and some narrations have him attribute the words to the Prophet (peace be upon him):

“Knowledge is attained only through learning and gentleness is attained only through being gentle. Whoever is intent on attaining goodness will be given it and whoever keeps away from evil will be spared it.” [Târîkh Baghdâd and Târîkh Dimashq]

However, it is not at all praiseworthy for a person to make a show of good character in order to take advantage of others or win them over for some personal benefit or ulterior motive. The true test of a person’s moral fiber is constancy. This is why the old Arabic saying goes: “You see the true character of men when you travel with them.”

A person’s true character shows forth when he is at home in how he deals with his wife through the long years, in hardship and ease, when things are going well and when things go wrong. This is where has to hold himself together and where his patience is tested. His ability to keep clear of vanities, to remain clement and tolerant, and to exhibit good conduct are all tested by his married life and his family life.

The same can be said regarding friendships when a person is constant and sincere regardless of the changing circumstances. How often does a person see his friend as the one who he can rely on in need, only to find that “friend” adds to his hardships when that time of need arrives?

May the lives of those who are faithful and sincere be beautiful and blessed, those who resolve within themselves not to be fickle when circumstances change and not to turn their backs in times of misfortune. How rare such people are.

Long acquaintance and association reveal how substantial or superficial a person’s moral character really is.

There is another important test of moral character that shows how true or false a person’s morals are, and that is the test of power. A person who is weak might exhibit good moral conduct and a present a passive, subdued disposition. He does not do so because it is part of his nature, but simply because he does not have the power to behave any other way.

The Arabic poet al-Mutanabbî said:

Oppression is human nature, so if you find
Someone abstain from it, there is some reason why.

Perhaps al-Mutanabbî borrowed these words from Aristotle who said: “Oppression is part of human nature. Only one of two reasons withholds people form it: religiousness or fear or reprisal.”

When a person is in a position of strength, then his true moral character shows forth. If a person who attains power, wealth, or prestige continues to uphold his moral values, maintains his affection for others, remains humble, and shows clemency to those who ill treat him, this is a sign of the true nobility of his character and the true goodness of his person.

Alas, how often do we find people who are not corrupted by power, fame, and sudden wealth?

A third test of moral character is disagreement. Most people exhibit good conduct with those who agree with them and share their way of thinking, on account of their common interests. However, when differences arise, whether ideological or material, people tend to expose their true selves.

A person of dignity and good character will remain composed and sensible. He will articulate his disagreements in a clear and precise manner. Moreover, he will be respectful when doing so and avoid accusative, insulting, and offensive language. His moral character will prevent him from conducting himself in a mean and lowly fashion, so he will be able to retain his composure while talking to others, in spite of his disagreement with them. He will not react emotionally in a way that detracts from his character and merely demonstrates his inability to prevail on the strength of his opinion.

Another person, in the same situation, will start cursing and hurling accusations at his opponents, acting as if only he is right and everyone else is by necessity wrong. His misplaced anger will destroy the edifice of his good character. He may go so far to concoct lies and make false claims. He might resort to deceptive arguments to make his opponents stumble and deliberately take the words of others out of context.

People like to say that disagreements do not spoil their interpersonal relationships and it is good that they say so, but what really counts is how they conduct themselves in actual practice, not just in theory. I have observed many young, religious people in their disagreements amongst themselves, and have encountered them applying to one another statements so horrid and injurious that it grieved my heart made my eyes well up with tears. They would call each other idiots, insult each other, and accuse one another of deception, heresy, immorality, and unbelief. I would ask myself: When will these sick disputes come to an end? When will they attain a level of moral character suitable for the community that Allah has chosen and favored? When will they put into practice the values set forth by the Qur’ân and Sunnah that teach us how to deal with others, even our enemies, in a decent manner?

“And do not let the hatred of others to you make you swerve to wrong and depart from justice. Be just. That is nearer to piety.” [Sûrah al-Mâ’idah: 8]

When will we come to realize that sometimes our motives stem from our own temperaments and emotions, though we might mistake them for religious conviction?

Then I would turn my attention to some writers who were regarded as being educated and intellectual, and not just part of the common folk. However, I found them to be the same, if not worse in their double standards and their shamelessness.

There are aggressive, predatory tendencies and feelings of enmity latent in the hearts of people, lurking in wait. Sometimes, with the mere appearance of a disagreement in ideology or politics, outward appearances of civility are often cast aside and people fall upon one another with the greatest possible ferocity.

When will we learn to preserve our amicable relationships with others when we disagree? When will we keep up the level of decorum that we want people to see from us? When will our moral values and principles translate from theory into a practical way of life, into something that endures throughout our lives and throughout our relationships, no matter how long they last? They must be values that stay with us even if we become powerful or attain to high administrative office, or a prominent media spot, or social prestige, or success in business. They must endure even when we disagree with one another, so we do not have to be always faced with the choice of either destroying our relationships or remaining silent whenever we disagree or see someone making a mistake.

Frankly, though I write all this, I do so with a pen that is hesitant and slow. It is as if it turning to me and asking: “Do you really live up to all of this?” I have to reply: “No, but I promise you that I will try to live up to it, and no matter how often I might stumble, I will keep trying…”

Sheikh Salman AlOadah
Islamtoday
 
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