Muslims and Jews in past

jack2k6

Junior Member
Hello/Salam everyone,

I found this article very interesting, and reliable (judging from its source).

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The world we live in continuously portrays that Muslims and Jews were always in conflict with each other and that Muslims have always wanted to kill, massacre Jews for no reason. But, shockingly, our history tells us an entirely different story. It seems, apparently that exactly the reverse is true. In early times when the European Christians were expelling, abusing, massacring the Jews, it was the Muslim Emperors who provided safe haven for the Jews.

Here's a list of some few ones:

In 1376, Jews expelled from Hungary were welcomed under the Ottoman Empire.

In 1394, Jews were expelled from France by Charles VI, and they were provided safe residence under the Muslims.

In 1420, Jews from Salonika then under Venetian control fled to Edirne, under the Ottomans.

n 1470, Jews expelled from Bavaria by Ludvig X found refuge in the Ottoman Empire.

In 1492, some 2,00,000 Jews were expelled from Spain by Isabella and Ferdinand after the collapse of Moors, and again they were given support, and welcomed by the Muslims. Most of them settled in North Africa and Greece, under the Ottomans.

From Sicily early in the 15th century, Jews were expelled and they found safe refuge in the Ottoman Empire.

In 1537, the Jews expelled from Apulia (Italy) after the city fell under Papal control found safe haven under the Muslims in Greece.

In 1542, those expelled from Bohemia by King Ferdinand found a safe haven in the Ottoman Empire.

In March of 1556, Sultan Suleyman 'the Magnificent' wrote a letter to Pope Paul IV asking for the immediate release of the Ancona Marranos, which he declared to be Ottoman citizens. The Pope had no other alternative than to release them, the Ottoman Empire being the Super Power of those days.

During World War II, Turkey served as a safe passage for many Jews fleeing the horrors of the Nazism. While the Jewish communities of Greece were wiped out almost completely by Hitler, the Turkish Jews remained secure. It has also been recently found that numerous Arabs risked their own lives to save the Jews from the killings of German Nazi's under Hitler during WWII.


Achievements, Rights of Jews under the Muslims:

By 1477, Jewish households in Istanbul numbered 1,647 or 11% of totals in the entire city. Half a century later, after the explusion of Jews from Spain and other European countries, 8,070 Jewish houses were listed in the city.

The Moors referred Granada as "Granada of the Jews.", because they had majority Jews. Like all Jewish communities in Spain, Jewish Granada prospered under the Ummayad Caliphate (755-1013).

In 1493, David & Samuel ibn Nahmias established the first Hebrew printing press in Istanbul under the Muslims.

Under the Ottomans, most of the court physicians were Jews: Hakim Yakoub, Joseph and Moshe Hamon, Daniel Fonseca, Gabriel Buenauentura to name only very few ones.

In the free air of the Ottoman Empire, Jewish literature flourished. Joseph Caro compiled the Shulkhan Arukh. Shlomo haLevi Alkabes composed the Lekhah Dodi a hymn which welcomes the Sabbath according to both Sephardic and Ashkenazi ritual. Jacob Culi began to write the famous MeAm Loez. Rabbi Abraham ben Isaac Assa became known as the father of Judeo-Spanish literature.

Under Ottoman tradition, each non-Moslem religious community was responsible for its own institutions, schools.



Today, when I see the way Israel is abusing, persecuting Palestinians I wonder why have they totally forgotten the past 1000+ years when the Muslims were protecting and providing residence for them while entire Europe was persecuting them. The 15 million or so Jews today survives mainly because the Caliphate Empires provided residence for them.

May Allah(swt) guide us all and bring the ummah together.

Sources (most are taken from Jewish Site):

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Turkey.html
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Inquisition.html
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/expulsion.html

Arabs risking their life to save Jews during Holocaust:
Source: http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2099-2469952.html
 

virtualeye

Tamed Brother
Hello Jack,

You had been jew before atheism?

Anyway, I have a wonderful website for you which is awarded by Encyclopedia Britannica for its accuracy of the fact. Here is it: www.cyberistan.org

Thanks,

Bye.
 

Bluegazer

Junior Member
Hello Jack,


Thank you for posting that article. It contained a concise summary of the way Muslims treated Jews.


I hope you find the following two articles interesting.


1- The following article was entitled "Muhammad's Sword". It was written by a Jewish atheist named Uri Avnery on the 23rd of September 2006.

Before pasting the article, I think I should mention that Uri Avnery is an Israeli journalist, writer and peace activist.

Earlier in his life, he served as a member of Samson's Foxes commando unit in 1948 [i.e. he was fighting for the establishment of an Israeli State in Palestine], and he was wounded in action [2 times]. He served 3 terms as a member of the Knesset (Israeli Parliament).

For details of Uri Avnery, click on the following link:

http://www.avnery-news.co.il/english/uri.html


I mentioned all the details above in order to tell you that, even though he's a peace activist, he was also one of those who fought and risked his life for the establishment of what he believes [and certainly not what I believe] should be his country.

And now, here's Uri Avnery's article..... [Note: I have put square brackets [] around sentences I do not agree with, and I have added a note of my own]:

Since the days when Roman Emperors threw Christians to the lions, the relations between the emperors and the heads of the church have undergone many changes.

Constantine the Great, who became Emperor in the year 306 - exactly 1700 years ago - encouraged the practice of Christianity in the empire, which included Palestine. Centuries later, the church split into an Eastern (Orthodox) and a Western (Catholic) part. In the West, the Bishop of Rome, who acquired the title of Pope, demanded that the Emperor accept his superiority.


The struggle between the Emperors and the Popes played a central role in European history and divided the peoples. It knew ups and downs. Some Emperors dismissed or expelled a Pope, some Popes dismissed or excommunicated an Emperor. One of the Emperors, Henry IV, "walked to Canossa", standing for three days barefoot in the snow in front of the Pope's castle, until the Pope deigned to annul his excommunication.

But there were times when Emperors and Popes lived in peace with each other. We are witnessing such a period today. Between the present Pope, Benedict XVI, and the present Emperor, George Bush II, there exists a wonderful harmony. Last week's speech by the Pope, which aroused a world-wide storm, went well with Bush's crusade against "Islamofascism", in the context of the "Clash of Civilizations".

IN HIS lecture at a German university, the 265th Pope described what he sees as a huge difference between Christianity and Islam: while Christianity is based on reason, Islam denies it. While Christians see the logic of God's actions, Muslims deny that there is any such logic in the actions of Allah.

As a Jewish atheist, I do not intend to enter the fray of this debate. It is much beyond my humble abilities to understand the logic of the Pope. But I cannot overlook one passage, which concerns me too, as an Israeli living near the fault-line of this "war of civilizations".

In order to prove the lack of reason in Islam, the Pope asserts that the prophet Muhammad ordered his followers to spread their religion by the sword. According to the Pope, that is unreasonable, because faith is born of the soul, not of the body. How can the sword influence the soul?

To support his case, the Pope quoted - of all people - a Byzantine Emperor, who belonged, of course, to the competing Eastern Church. At the end of the 14th century, the Emperor Manuel II Palaeologus told of a debate he had - or so he said (its occurrence is in doubt) - with an unnamed Persian Muslim scholar. In the heat of the argument, the Emperor (according to himself) flung the following words at his adversary:

"Show me just what Mohammed brought that was new, and there you will find things only evil and inhuman, such as his command to spread by the sword the faith he preached".

These words give rise to three questions: (a) Why did the Emperor say them? (b) Are they true? (c) Why did the present Pope quote them?

WHEN MANUEL II wrote his treatise, he was the head of a dying empire. He assumed power in 1391, when only a few provinces of the once illustrious empire remained. These, too, were already under Turkish threat.

At that point in time, the Ottoman Turks had reached the banks of the Danube. They had conquered Bulgaria and the north of Greece, and had twice defeated relieving armies sent by Europe to save the Eastern Empire. On May 29, 1453, only a few years after Manuel's death, his capital, Constantinople (the present Istanbul) fell to the Turks, putting an end to the Empire that had lasted for more than a thousand years.

During his reign, Manuel made the rounds of the capitals of Europe in an attempt to drum up support. He promised to reunite the church. There is no doubt that he wrote his religious treatise in order to incite the Christian countries against the Turks and convince them to start a new crusade. The aim was practical, theology was serving politics.

In this sense, the quote serves exactly the requirements of the present Emperor, George Bush II. He, too, wants to unite the Christian world against the mainly Muslim "Axis of Evil". Moreover, the Turks are again knocking on the doors of Europe, this time peacefully. It is well known that the Pope supports the forces that object to the entry of Turkey into the European Union.

IS THERE any truth in Manuel's argument?

The pope himself threw in a word of caution. As a serious and renowned theologian, he could not afford to falsify written texts. Therefore, he admitted that the Qur'an specifically forbade the spreading of the faith by force. He quoted the second Sura, verse 256 [(strangely fallible, for a pope, he meant verse 257)] [My words, not Uri Avnery's: The Pope was correct in his citation of verse 256] which says: "There must be no coercion in matters of faith".

How can one ignore such an unequivocal statement? The Pope simply argues that this commandment was laid down by the prophet when he was at the beginning of his career, still weak and powerless, but that later on he ordered the use of the sword in the service of the faith. Such an order does not exist in the Qur'an. True, Muhammad called for the use of the sword in his war against opposing tribes - Christian, Jewish and others - in Arabia, when he was building his state. But that was a political act, not a religious one; basically a fight for territory, not for the spreading of the faith.

Jesus said: "You will recognize them by their fruits." The treatment of other religions by Islam must be judged by a simple test: How did the Muslim rulers behave for more than a thousand years, when they had the power to "spread the faith by the sword"?

Well, they just did not.

For many centuries, the Muslims ruled Greece. Did the Greeks become Muslims? Did anyone even try to Islamize them? On the contrary, Christian Greeks held the highest positions in the Ottoman administration. The Bulgarians, Serbs, Romanians, Hungarians and other European nations lived at one time or another under Ottoman rule and clung to their Christian faith. Nobody compelled them to become Muslims and all of them remained devoutly Christian.

True, the Albanians did convert to Islam, and so did the Bosniaks. But nobody argues that they did this under duress. [They adopted Islam in order to become favorites of the government and enjoy the fruits.]

In 1099, the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem and massacred its Muslim and Jewish inhabitants indiscriminately, in the name of the gentle Jesus. At that time, 400 years into the occupation of Palestine by the Muslims, Christians were still the majority in the country. Throughout this long period, no effort was made to impose Islam on them. Only after the expulsion of the Crusaders from the country, did the majority of the inhabitants start to adopt the Arabic language and the Muslim faith - and they were the forefathers of most of today's Palestinians.

THERE IS no evidence whatsoever of any attempt to impose Islam on the Jews. As is well known, under Muslim rule the Jews of Spain enjoyed a bloom the like of which the Jews did not enjoy anywhere else until almost our time. Poets like Yehuda Halevy wrote in Arabic, as did the great Maimonides. In Muslim Spain, Jews were ministers, poets, scientists. In Muslim Toledo, Christian, Jewish and Muslim scholars worked together and translated the ancient Greek philosophical and scientific texts. That was, indeed, the Golden Age. How would this have been possible, had the Prophet decreed the "spreading of the faith by the sword"?

What happened afterwards is even more telling. When the Catholics re-conquered Spain from the Muslims, they instituted a reign of religious terror. The Jews and the Muslims were presented with a cruel choice: to become Christians, to be massacred or to leave. And where did the hundreds of thousand of Jews, who refused to abandon their faith, escape? Almost all of them were received with open arms in the Muslim countries. The Sephardi ("Spanish") Jews settled all over the Muslim world, from Morocco in the west to Iraq in the east, from Bulgaria (then part of the Ottoman Empire) in the north to Sudan in the south. Nowhere were they persecuted. They knew nothing like the tortures of the Inquisition, the flames of the auto-da-fe, the pogroms, the terrible mass-expulsions that took place in almost all Christian countries, up to the Holocaust.

WHY? Because Islam expressly prohibited any persecution of the "peoples of the book". In Islamic society, a special place was reserved for Jews and Christians. They did not enjoy completely equal rights, but almost. They had to pay a special poll-tax, but were exempted from military service - a trade-off that was quite welcome to many Jews. [It has been said that Muslim rulers frowned upon any attempt to convert Jews to Islam even by gentle persuasion - because it entailed the loss of taxes.]

Every honest Jew who knows the history of his people cannot but feel a deep sense of gratitude to Islam, which has protected the Jews for fifty generations, while the Christian world persecuted the Jews and tried many times "by the sword" to get them to abandon their faith.

THE STORY about "spreading the faith by the sword" is an evil legend, one of the myths that grew up in Europe during the great wars against the Muslims - the reconquista of Spain by the Christians, the Crusades and the repulsion of the Turks, who almost conquered Vienna. I suspect that the German Pope, too, honestly believes in these fables. That means that the leader of the Catholic world, who is a Christian theologian in his own right, did not make the effort to study the history of other religions.

Why did he utter these words in public? And why now?

There is no escape from viewing them against the background of the new Crusade of Bush and his evangelist supporters, with his slogans of "Islamofascism" and the "Global War on Terrorism" - when "terrorism" has become a synonym for Muslims. For Bush's handlers, this is a cynical attempt to justify the domination of the world's oil resources. Not for the first time in history, a religious robe is spread to cover the nakedness of economic interests; not for the first time, a robbers' expedition becomes a Crusade.

The speech of the Pope blends into this effort. Who can foretell the dire consequences?

Source: http://zope.gush-shalom.org/home/en/channels/avnery/1159094813/


I'd also like to add a very important fact that many Jews do not know about Prophet Muhammad [peace be upon him]. One of his wives was of Jewish ancestry. Her name was Safiyyah bint Huyay ibn Akhtab [i.e. Safiyyah daughter of Huyay son of Akhtab]. And do you know what God Almighty says about our Prophet's wives?:

"The Prophet is more worthy of the believers than themselves, and his wives are [in the position of] their mothers."

[Translation of the meanings of the Qur'an 33:6]


She reverted to Islam, and we honour and respect her as one of the Mothers of the Believers [the title of any of the wives of Muhammad -peace be upon him-], May Allah be pleased with her.


Best regards,

Bluegazer
 

OttomanEmpire

New Member
i miss Ottoman Empire :(

100 years before only 200 ottoman soldier in palestina and no war there. when ottoman empire is ended all old ootman empire area is in war. palestine, ıraq, chechenia, west europe, bosnia, lebanon, libya, morocco etc.


world needs Ottoman Empire again.
 

IbnAlAawam

Junior Member
i miss Ottoman Empire :(

100 years before only 200 ottoman soldier in palestina and no war there. when ottoman empire is ended all old ootman empire area is in war. palestine, ıraq, chechenia, west europe, bosnia, lebanon, libya, morocco etc.


world needs Ottoman Empire again.

:salam2:

I agree with you.


NB: Western Europe and Morrocco were not part of the Empire.
 
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