:salam2:
Anyone that can post the hadith Bukhari 8:387 in arabic please?
Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaahi wa barakaatuh
أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا وَصَلَّوْا صَلَاتَنَا وَاسْتَقْبَلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَذَبَحُوا ذَبِيحَتَنَا، فَقَدْ حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْنَا دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ
1. when Islam is brought to a land, people are given 2 choices: accept Islam or pay jizyah. if they do none, then they are fought to bring Islamic rule.
That is not what the hadeeth is talking about. Below is the explanation of a similar hadeeth from Al-Bukhaari- explained by Ibn Hajar (from his Fath al-Baari)
Ibn Hajar commented regarding the hadeeth of Ibn `Umar that the Messenger of Allaah :saw2: said:
“I have been commanded to fight the people until they testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم is the Messenger of Allah, and establish the prayer, and pay the zakat. If they do that, their lives and property are protected from me except for the right of Islam, and their reckoning is up to Allah.”
He (Ibn Hajar) said regarding the statement of the Messenger of Allaah :saw2: :
“to fight the people until they testify”
Objection: This necessitates that once the testimony of faith occurs, the prayer is established, and the zakat is given, the person’s blood is secure (i.e. his life) even if he rejects the remaining orders.
Answer: Bearing witness to the message includes believing in all that was revealed with it, and this can be understood from the wording, “except for the right of Islam” which includes the religion in its totality.
-So If it is asked why didn’t he صلى الله عليه و سلم suffice with the mention of belief, and instead continued to add the establishment of the prayer and the zakat.
The answer is that their addition signifies their importance as they are the source of all acts of worship both physical and material.
Regarding his :saw2: saying,
“and establish the prayer”
Establishing the prayer entails remaining steadfast upon it while fulfilling all of its conditions. The prayer referred to is the obligatory prayer and not the prayer in general, it therefore doesn’t include the prostration preformed during (certain parts of) the recitation of the Quran even though it may be referred to as “salat”. Imam An-Nawawi said, as a result of this hadith, “Whoever leaves the prayer deserves the corporal punishment.” He did, however point out the difference of opinion which exists with the various schools of thought. Al-Kirmani, when asked about the one who abandons the zakat, stated that they (the prayer and zakat) carry the same ruling because they share the same purpose.” It appears that he meant that they carry the same ruling in terms of fighting against them (i.e. the ones who abandon them), and not in regards to the corporal punishment. However, there is a difference between the two (i.e. salat and zakat) in the fact that the zakat can be taken using force from a person who attempts to abstain from paying it, as opposed to the salat (in which force is not used to establish it). The proof (for this opinion) is in the actions of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, who fought those who refused to pay the zakat (after the death of the prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم), but it was not narrated that he killed any of them under the corporal penalty. Hence, using this narration as proof to carry out corporal punishment on the one who leaves the prayer is debatable due to the fact that the statement “to fight” differs than “to kill”. And Allah knows best
Ibn Daqeeq Al-Eid opposed the view of using corporal punishment on the one who abandons the prayer in his explanation of Al-‘Umdah. He said, “The permissibility of using force against them doesn’t necessitate the permissibility of killing them (by way of corporal punishment), because combat comprises of struggle and fighting from both sides, unlike the outright killing (of a person).
Al-Baihaqe reported that Al-Shaf’e said, “Combat (القتال) is not the same as killing (القتل) by any means, and the permissibility to fight may apply at times without the permissibility of killing a person.”