salaams
Sal2 gave accurate description of PGCE course except you dont really get paid for it. You get funding but you need to pay fees to do the course - so your funding tends to go on that - you wont earn a salary while doing it like a job, you wouldnt be able to call it an income to live on. So you need to work part time if you need an income or have savings or some other funds.
You maybe getting confused with a GTP course - Graduate Teacher Programme which is also a 1 year course but instead of being at University, you are based in a school full time and work in the school and earn a basic salary - of about £18,000 in London...less elsewhere..however this is even more demanding course than PGCE as you have to work and study at the same time and the competition to get a place is fierce!
Most people who are graduates tend to go for the PGCE course...if money is a problem though you can do it part-time over 2 years instead - so theoretically you could work as a Teaching Assistant part time and fo PGCE part time...
At the end of either the GTP or PGCE you will awared UK Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) - if you pass. This will mean you are an NQT ( Newly Qualified Teacher) and your first full year of teaching full time in a school will be called your Induction Year - when you must meet certain standards in order to gain FULL QTS....sounds scary but to be honest if you have passed the course, you should have no problems with the Induction Year and you get a lot of support for that year too and time away from the classroom.
If you dont have a degree you can do a degree that will give you UK Qualified Teacher Status at the end ( as well as the degree itself) - called a B.Ed. (hons) or a BA QTS - is a standard 3 years.
Go on the TDA website
www.teach.gov.uk for more informaiton about funding and fees and stuff...
Good luck - we need more Muslim teachers insha'allah! Good role model for our children
Wasalaams