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The tashahhud of Ibn 'Abbaas: "The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) used to teach us the tashahhud the way he taught us [soorahs of] the Qur'aan; he used to say,
[/FONT]Please note:
(( Asalamu Alayka ayuhal nabiyoo ))
Bukhaari, Muslim, Ibn Abi Shaibah (1/90/2), Siraaj & Abu Ya`laa in his Musnad (258/2). It is given in Irwaa' (321).
Ibn Mas`ood's statement, "We said: Peace be on the Prophet" clarifies that the Companions (radi Allaahu `anhum) used to say, "Peace be on you, O Prophet" in tashahhud while the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) was alive, but when he died, they ceased to do that, instead saying, "Peace be on the Prophet". Undoubtedly, this was with the endorsement of the Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam); this is supported by the fact that `Aa'ishah (radi Allaahu `anhaa) would similarly teach the tashahhud in prayer with "Peace be on the Prophet", as transmitted by Siraaj in his Musnad (9/1/2) & Mukhlis in al-Fawaa'id (11/54/1) with two saheeh isnaads from her. (taken from The Prophet's prayer Described, Shaykh Muhammad Nasir ud-Deen al-Albani (Rahimahullah))
So, whilst the Prophet
was alive, then the Sahaba would address him with Ya (which translates as "Oh"), as matter of respect and calling someone. The Sahaba ceased calling upon the Prophet
with Ya "Oh" after he,
may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, passed away.
Ya translates as "Oh" and is a means of calling someone.
The Ya is used with living people of course, for example I might say "Ya Abdullah come here and help me put the tire on my car", or "Ya Akhi, how are you doing?"
A Muslim must only call upon Allah in Dua with Ya. The people of correct Aqeedah (Belief in Allah and Islam) should know that calling upon the dead, or even the living in prayer will have no benefit whatsoever. Allah is the all-hearing, the all-seeing and the most Merciful. We make dua to him, and him alone.
Allah hears all his believer's prayers.
“And your Lord said: ‘Invoke Me [i.e. believe in My Oneness (Islamic Monotheism) and ask Me for anything] I will respond to your (invocation)’”[Ghaafir 40:60]
“And when My slaves ask you (O Muhammad) concerning Me, then (answer them), I am indeed near (to them by My Knowledge). I respond to the invocations of the supplicant when he calls on Me (without any mediator or intercessor). So let them obey Me and believe in Me, so that they may be led aright [al-Baqarah 2:186]
Please see here for more information:
Fundamental Beliefs in Islam Tawheed and Aqeedah
I leave you with the words of Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ibraaheem al-Tuwayjri
Question:
What is the ruling on making du’aa’ to anyone other than Allaah?
Answer:
Praise be to Allaah.
Allaah is close to His slaves; he sees where they are and He knows their situation. He hears what they say and responds to their du’aa’ (supplication). Nothing about them is hidden from Him, as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Truly, nothing is hidden from Allaah, in the earth or in the heaven” [Aal ‘Imraan 3:5]
Allaah Alone is the One Who has created us and Who provides for us; in His hand is the dominion and He is Able to do all things:
“To Allaah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all that is therein, and He is Able to do all things”
[al-Maa'idah 5:17 – interpretation of the meaning]
In Allaah’s hand alone is all goodness. When He calls mankind to something good in His Book or on the lips of His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), they should obey that command and respond to it:
“O you who believe! Answer Allaah (by obeying Him) and (His) Messenger when he calls you to that which will give you life, and know that Allaah comes in between a person and his heart (i.e. He prevents an evil person to decide anything). And verily, to Him you shall (all) be gathered” [al-Anfaal 8:24 – interpretation of the meaning]
Allaah is Able to do all things, and He hears the supplication of His slaves. He responds to them at all times and in all places, no matter what their various needs and languages. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And when My slaves ask you (O Muhammad) concerning Me, then (answer them), I am indeed near (to them by My Knowledge). I respond to the invocations of the supplicant when he calls on Me (without any mediator or intercessor). So let them obey Me and believe in Me, so that they may be led aright
[al-Baqarah 2:186]
Allaah has commanded us to call upon Him in secret, with humility and submission, as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Invoke your Lord with humility and in secret. He likes not the aggressors” [al-A’raaf 7:55]
To Allaah belongs Dominion and to Him be praise, and He is Able to do all things. The heavens and the earth and everything in them glorifies Him, as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein, glorify Him and there is not a thing but glorifies His Praise. But you understand not their glorification. Truly, He is Ever Forbearing, Oft‑Forgiving” [al-Israa’ 17:44]
Allaah has promised Hell to those who are too arrogant to worship Him and call upon Him. He says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Verily, those who scorn My worship [i.e. do not invoke Me, and do not believe in My Oneness, (Islamic Monotheism)] they will surely enter Hell in humiliation!”[Ghaafir 40:60]
Du’aa’ should be made to Allaah in the manner that Allaah and His Messenger have prescribed. For example, Allaah should be called upon by His Most Beautiful Names:
“And (all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allaah, so call on Him by them, and leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do” [al-A’raaf 7:180 – interpretation of the meaning]
So we may say O Most Merciful, have mercy on us, O Ever-Forgiving, forgive us, O Provider grant us provision, and so on.
When a person makes du’aa’, either Allaah gives him what he asked for or He diverts it from him a harm that is greater than the thing he asked for, or He stores up what he has asked for, for the Hereafter. This is because Allaah has commanded us to call upon Him and He has promised to respond to our call:
“And your Lord said: ‘Invoke Me [i.e. believe in My Oneness (Islamic Monotheism) and ask Me for anything] I will respond to your (invocation)’ [Ghaafir 40:60 – interpretation of the meaning]
Allaah has commanded us to worship Him alone, and He has warned us against worshipping the Shaytaan. He says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Did I not command you, O Children of Adam, that you should not worship Shaytaan (Satan). Verily, he is a plain enemy to you.
And that you should worship Me [Alone Islamic Monotheism, and set up not rivals, associate‑gods with Me]. That is the Straight Path” [Yaa-Seen 36:60-61]
Calling upon anyone other than Allaah to meet one’s needs, relieve distress or heal disease is insanity caused by lack of understanding:
“Say (O Muhammad): ‘Shall we invoke others besides Allaah (false deities), that can do us neither good nor harm, and shall we turn back on our heels after Allaah has guided us (to true Monotheism)?’” [al-An’aam 6:71 – interpretation of the meaning]
If a person calls upon one who cannot bring benefit or cause harm, who cannot command or prohibit, who cannot hear or respond, whether that is a Prophet, a Messenger, a jinn or an angel, or a star or planet or rock or tree, or one of the dead – all of that is serious wrong-doing, and a going astray from the Straight Path. It is shirk, the association of others with Allaah the Almighty.
“And invoke not besides Allaah any such that will neither profit you nor harm you, but if (in case) you did so, you shall certainly be one of the Zaalimoon (wrongdoers)” [Yoonus 10:106 – interpretation of the meaning]
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And who is more astray than one who calls on (invokes) besides Allaah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls (invocations) to them
[al-Ahqaaf 46:5]
Calling upon anyone or anything other than Allaah is shirk, and shirk is a great sin, indeed it is the greatest sin. Allaah will forgive any sin for whomever He wills, except for shirk, as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Verily, Allaah forgives not that partners should be set up with Him (in worship), but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He wills [al-Nisaa’ 4:48]
On the Day of Resurrection, Allaah will gather the mushrikeen and everyone who was worshipped instead of Him, then those who were worshipped instead of Allaah will disavow those who worshipped them, and they will deny their association with Allaah, as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And those, whom you invoke or call upon instead of Him, own not even a Qitmeer (the thin membrane over the date stone).
If you invoke (or call upon) them, they hear not your call; and if (in case) they were to hear, they could not grant it (your request) to you. And on the Day of Resurrection, they will disown your worshipping them. And none can inform you (O Muhammad) like Him Who is the All‑Knower (of everything).
O mankind! it is you who stand in need of Allaah. But Allaah is Rich (Free of all needs), Worthy of all praise”[Faatir 35: 13-15]
From Usool al-Deen al-Islami by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ibraaheem al-Tuwayjri
