The Methodology of the Salaf Concerning Ijtihad and Taqlid

[Aziboy]

Difference Between Itteba and Taqleed

a) Ibn Hammam Al Hanafi 861 h said:

التقليد العمل بقول من ليس قوله احدى الحجج بلا حجه منها
فليس الرجوع الى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم والاجماع

"Taqleed is acting without proof upon the action of someone whose saying is not among evidence(Quran and Sunnah), following Prophet peace be upon him and Consensus is not taqleed [Tahreer Ibn Hammam fe ilm al asool vol 3 page 453]

b) Ibn Hajib al Nahwi (646 h) said

فالتقليد العمل بقول غيرك من غير حجة وليس الرجوع الى قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم والى الاجماع والعامى الى المفتى والقاضى الى العدول بتقليد لقيام الحجة

Taqleed is following other then (Prophet) without evidence, so Following Prophet peace be upon him and Ijma, laymen asking from Mufti, Qadhi making judgment based on testimony of witness is not Taqleed because there is evidence on that.

منتهى الوصول والأمل في علمي الأصول والجدل page 218


b) Ibne Abdul Barr said Obaidullah bin al-Motaz said

لا فرف بين بهيمة تقاد وإنسان يقلد

There is no difference between an animal who is pulled and a man who is a Muqallid [Jam'e byan al ilam vol 2 page 114]

2. Prohibition of Taqleed from Qur`an​

a) Allamah Jalal ud din Suyuti said

عن ابن مسعود اثر اصرح فى ذم التقليد من الاثر المذكور وهو ما اخرجه البيهقى فى السنه عنه قال لا تقلدوا دينكم الرجال وقال ابن حزم فى كتابه النبذ الكافية فى علم الاصول التقليد حرام ولا يحل لاحد ان ياخذ قول احد غير رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بلا برهان لقوله تعالى اتبعوا ما أنزل إليكم من ربكم ولا تتبعوا من دونه أولياء وقوله تعالى وإذا قيل لهم اتبعوا ما أنزل الله قالوا بل نتبع ما ألفينا عليه آباءنا وقال فى حق من لم يقلد فبشر عبادى الذين يستمعون القول فيتبعون احسنه اولائك الذين هد اهم الله و اولئك هم اولوا الاباب وقال تعالىفإن تنازعتم في شيء فردوه إلى الله والرسول إن كنتم تؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر

Athar of Ibne Masood has a connection in condemnation of Taqleed, This Athar is mentioned by Behaqi in Sunan (Ibne Masood) said Do not make taqleed of people in deen", Ibne Hazam(died in 456 h) said in the book Al Nabad al Kafiyah min Ilm al Asool that Taqleed is Haram it is not permissible for anyone to take words other than Prophet of Allah peace be upon him without proof, Allah says Follow (O men!) the revelation given unto you from your Lord, and follow not, as friends or protectors, other than Him." [007:003] and Allah says "When it is said to them: "Follow what God hath revealed:" They say: "Nay!"[002:170] and he(Allah) says.. " So give good tidings to My servants Who listen to speech and follow the best of it. Those are the ones Allah has guided, and those are people of understanding."[39:18] and Allah says "if you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allâh and His Messenger, if you believe in Allâh and in the Last Day.[Al Radd min al Akhlad min al Ardh by Suyuti page 52,53]

Tafsir Jalalyan says

O you who believe, obey God, and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you, that is, rulers, when they command you to obey God and His Messenger. If you should quarrel, disagree, about anything, refer it to God, that is, to His Book, and the Messenger, while he lives, and thereafter [refer] to his Sunna: in other words examine these [disputes] with reference to these two [sources], if you believe in God and the Last Day; that, reference to the two [sources], is better, for you than quarrelling or [adhering to] personal opinions, and more excellent in interpretation, in the end.[In his tafsir under 4:59]

Allah says in Surah Al e Imran

81. And (remember) when Allah took the covenant of the Prophets, saying: "Take whatever I gave you from the Book and Hikmah, and afterwards there will come to you a Messenger confirming what is with you; you must, then, believe in him and help him.'' Allah said: "Do you agree (to it) and will you take up Isri'' They said: "We agree.'' He said: "Then bear witness; and I am with you among the witnesses.'') (82. Then whoever turns away after this, they are the rebellious.)

Imam Ibne Katheer Commented

فالرسول محمد خاتم الأنبياء صلوات الله وسلامه عليه ، دائما إلى يوم الدين ، وهو الإمام الأعظم الذي لو وجد في أي عصر وجد لكان هو الواجب الطاعة المقدم على الأنبياء كلهم

Therefore, Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is the Final Prophet until the Day of Resurrection. He is the greatest Imam(Imam al Azam), who if he existed in any time period, deserves to be obeyed, rather than all other Prophets(end quote)

Comment: It is proven from Qur`an that No one is Imam al Adham other then Prophet peace be upon him, each and every saying can be rejected (whether the saying is from Imam Abu haneefah or Imam Shafiee or any other Imam) but the saying of Imam Al Azam Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him can not be rejected. Hence, Proved If hadith comes in front of Imam and his saying then the syaing should be rejected. Note that Imam ad-Dahabee said Abu Hanifa is Imam Al azam, Ibn e Hajar Asqalani said Shafiee is Imam al-Azam, Some other have given this title to Imam Malik. All of these great scholars were Imams but even their sayings are rejected in front of Prophet peace be upon him as said by Dahabee himself.

3. Prohibition of Taqleed from hadeeth​

a) Prophet Peace be upon him said​

والذي نفس محمد بيده، لو بدا لكم موسى فاتبعتموه وتركتموني لضللتم عن سواء السبيل، ولو كان حيا وأدرك نبوتي لاتبعني.

By the one who has the soul of Muhammad, If Musa comes in front of you and if you follow him and leave me, you will go astray from the Right path. If he (Musa AS) comes back to life and sees (witnesses) the period of my prophet hood, he will certainly follow me.[Mishqat al Masabih Volume 001 hadeeth no: 194]

Comment: When Musa Alehsalam have no authority than why to follow a fatwa or Ijtehaad of a particular Imam against Qur`an and Sunnah?

4. Prohibition of Taqleed from Sahaba​

a). Abdullah bin masood ra said to his students

عن عبدالله يعني ابنَ مسعود أنه قالَ: لا تقلدوا دينكم الرجال، فإنْ أبَيْتُمْ فبالأمواتِ لا بالأحياءِ.

Do not Make taqleed of people in your deen, If you reject (my words) then follow those who passed away(Companions of Prophet peace be upon him), not those who are alive. [Al Moajam al Kabeer Vol 9 page 116 hadeeth no: 8764, Sunan al Kubra 2/10]
Takhreej

1) Narrated by Lilkai in Sharah asool al aiteqaas Ahlus sunnah:130, Tabrani in Al Kabeer 9/152, Abu Nayeem in Hilya tul Auliyah 1/136 with the rout of Amash-Salma bin Khel from Abi al hawdh from Abdullah bin Masood
Haythamee said Narrators are the narrators of saheeh "Majma az Zawaid 1/188"

Note: Amash is Mudallis and narrating from (AN) but there is 2nd rout of this saying

2) Narrated by Lilkai in Sharah asool al aitekaad 131 with the rout of Obaidullh bin Moosa from Israiel from Abu Husayn from yahya bin Wasib from Masrooq from Abdullah

3) Third rout mentioned by Imam Behaqi in Sunan al Kubra 2/10 Narrated to us Abu Abdullah Al Hafidh, he heard from Abul Husayn Muhammad bin Ahmad Al Qantaree, he heard from Abu al Hawdh al Qadhi, he heard from Muhammad bin Katheer al Maseesi, he heard from Ozaai, hadeeth narrated to him Abda bin abi Ababah

4) Fourth rout mentioned by Khateeb Baghdadi in "الفقيه والمتفقه"(757 with the rout Abu Jafar Muhammad bin Jareer Tabree, hadeeth narrated to him Ahmad bin Waleed, he heard from Abdullah bin Dawud he said Amash mentioned from Abu Abdul Rahman he said that Abdullah bin Masood [ra] said
There is 5th rout of this saying narrated by Imam Ibne Hazam in Al Ahkam 6/97 with the rout of

5) Ibne Wahab heard from Al awzaai he said narrated to me by Abdah bin abi Ababah that Ibne Masood
Comment: When it is obligatory for tabiyeen (one of the best era) to follow sahaba not particular Imam then who are we? how can we say it is obligatory to follow one particular imam from the four imams? These people say (i have read in a forum) that Tabiyeen should follow Sahaba but we should follow Imam Abu Haneefah who is passed away, May Allah guide these people who are making worst taweel from their own. Ameen

b) Abdullah bin Masood ra said

اغد عالما او متعلما ولا تغد إمعة بين ذالك

Be a Scholar or knowledge seeker, do not be a Muqallid in deen who is in between them[Ibne Abdul Barr narrated in Jame Byan al Ilm vol 1 page 71]

It is mentioned in Al Moajam al Waseet

الامع: الذى يقول أحد: ((أنا معك)), ولا يثبت على شىء, لضعف رأيه. و- المقلد فى الدين. و- المتردد الذى لا يثبت على صنعة. و- الطفيلى. وتزاد التاء فيه للمبالغة

one of the Meaning of امع is Muqallid in Deen [see Al Moajam al Waseet page 26,Taj al Arus vol 11 page 4, Al Qamus al Waheed page 134]

Scan of Al Moajam al Waseet: http://lh3.ggpht.com/_Y3h6JhqU8O4/TTlv0NUd1_I/AAAAAAAAAYg/VlX38KgBetE/s400/untitled.JPG

Takhreej

1.Asim from Zarr he said that Ibne Masood said...Ibne Abdul Barr narrated in Jame Byan al Ilm vol 1 page 71 and 72 hadeeth no:108, Ibne Hazam in Al Ahkam 6/234,Behaqi in al Mudakkhal 378

2. Amash From Tameem bin Salma from Abu Obaidah from Ibne Mas`ood Ibne Abi Shaiba in Al Musannif 5/284, Faswi in Ibne Abdul Barr in Jame Byan al Ilm 1/140

3. Jareer from Abi Sanan from Sahal al Qararee he said that Abdullah bin Masood said.. Bukhari in Tareekh al Kabeer 4/99, Abu Khaythama in Kitab al Ilm 116

4. From Muhammad bin al Nazar Al-azdi (thana) Moawiyah bin Amr (Thana) Zaidah (AN) Abdul Malik bin Zubair from Abdullah

And there are other supportive routs of this athar.

c). Muadh bin Jabal [ra] said

فأما زلة العالم فإن اهتدى فلا تقلدوه دينكم

Regarding the mistake of a Scholar, even if he is on guidance don't make taqleed of him in deen[Hilya tul auliywah of Abu Naeem Asbahani vol 5 page 97, Kitab az Zuhud of Wakee bin Jarrah vol 1 page 299,300 hadeeth no: 71,Kitab az Zuhud of Imam Abu Dawud page no: 177 hadeeth no: 193, Ibne Abdul Barr in Jame Byan al Ilm 2/982 hadeeth no: 1872 and 1873 Dar Ibne Jozi, Sharah Asool al Aiteqaad Ahlus sunnah Lilkaai hadeeth no: 198, Al Ilal by Darqutni 6/81 992]

Those who authenticated above narration

1) Abu Naeem Asbahani said after narrating this

كذا رواه شعبة موقوفا وهو الصحيح ، وروي بعض هذه الألفاظ مرفوعا عن معاذ .

Narrated By Shoa'bah Moquf and it is authentic and some narrated these words Marfu from Muadh

Source: http://www.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?flag=1&bk_no=131&ID=1136

2) Ibn al Qayyam said

This is authentic from Muadh [Ailam al Moqieen 2/239]

3) Muhaqqieen of Kitab az Zuhad Abu dawud (Abu Tameem Yasir bin Ibraheem and Abu Bilal Ganeem bin Abbas) declared the chain Hasan, [Kitab Az Zuhad page no: 177 hadeeth no: 193,]

Note that there is also marfu hadith in this chapter narrated by Tabrani where Prophet peace be upon him said
فاما زلة عالم فان اهتدى فلا تقلدوه دينكم

and regarding Mistake of a Scholar Do not Make taqleed of him in your deen even if he is on hidayah
[Moajam al Awsat vol 9 page 326,327 hadeeth no: 8709,8701 and Sharah asool al aiteqaad ahlus sunnah hadith no: 182]

Haythamee said: Narrated by Tabrani in al Awsat and Amr bin Marrah did not heard from Muaadh

source: http://www.islamweb.net/hadith/display_hbook.php?indexstartno=0&hflag=1&pid=441906&bk_no=195&startno=1

Comment: even if scholar is on guidance don't make taqleed of him in deen) Meaning Follow because it is said by Allah or Prophet peace be upon him, not because the Imam said.​

4.Prohibition of Taqleed from Scholars​

1) Imam Ash Shafiee

Imam Muzni said

اختصرت هذا الكتاب من علم محمد بن إدريس الشافعي رحمه الله ومن معنى قوله لأقربه على من أراده مع إعلامه نهيه عن تقليده وتقليد غيره لينظر فيه لدينه ويحتاط فيه لنفسه ، وبالله التوفيق .
I have shortened this book from the knowledge of Muhammad bin Idrees Shafiee May Allah be pleased with him, So that if some one wants to understand it understand it easily, and I declare that he (Shafiee ra) Prohibits his taqleed and taqleed of others so that (every person) sees his religion(deen) and be precocious for himself[Al Umm, Mukhtasar al Muzni]

Source: http://www.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?idfrom=4936&idto=6045&bk_no=31&ID=1937

2)Ameer ul Mimineen Khaleefa Abu Yusaf Yaqoob (died 595 h)

Ibne Khilkaan praised him and said

و امر برفض فروع الفقه وان العلماء لا يفتون الا بالكتاب العزيز والسنة النبوية و لا يقلدون احدا من المجتهدين المتقدمين, بل تكون احكامهم بما يودى اليه اجتهاد هم من استنبلطهم القضايا من الكتاب والحديث و الاجماع والقياس

He ordered to leave faroo al Fiqh and said Scholars should issue fatwa from Quran al Aziz and Sunnah of Prophet peace be upon him and do not make taqleed of Mujtahideen and Mutaqaddimeen, but make the judgments from Quran ,Hadith,Ijma and Qiyas [Ibne Khilkaan in "وفيات الأعيان" (7|11)]

3)Imam Dahabee(died 748 h) said

وكل إمام يُؤخذ من قوله ويُترك إلاّ إمام المتقين الصادق المصدوق الأمين المعصوم صلوات الله وسلامه عليه . فيا لله العجب ! من عَالِم يُقَلِّد دِينه إماما بَعَيْنِه في كل ما قال ، مع عِلمه بما يَرِد على مذهب إمامه من النصوص النبوية . فلا قوة إلا بالله .

We take and reject the saying of every Imam accept Imam of the righteous Sadiq al Masdooq Al Ameen who is Infallible Prayers and blessings of Allah be upon him, By Allah I am astonished on that scholar who makes taqleed of a particular Imam in his deen on his all sayings, knowing that explicit ahadeeth are rejecting the madhab of his Imam. There is no Strength but in Allah[Tazkara tul Huffaz vol 1 page 16 under the biography of Abdullah bin Masood ra]

Scan: http://images.orkut.com/orkut/photos/PQAAAAUEDIdPLL7kMBXBq10qSkhmFwNNHyZzbzMMD3I_bGT0-uswii1ciQrb5xEMn4xUh-dpcyMOUChyoWQEVVQ9Mb4Am1T1UAcIrb062GOhj8vGkR0s3Gr22pgP.jpg

He also said

"ولقد كان في هذا العصر وما قاربه من أئمة الحديث النبوي خلق كثير ، وما ذكرنا عشرهم هنا ، وأكثرهم مذكورون في تاريخى ، وكذلك كان في هذا الوقت خلق من أئمة أهل الرأي والفروع وعدد من أساطين المعتزلة والشيعة وأصحاب الكلام الذين مشوا وراء المعقول واعرضوا عما عليه السلف من التمسك بالآثار النبوية ، وظهر في الفقهاء التقليد وتناقص الاجتهاد ، فسبحان من له الخلق والأمر.

“The Scholars of hadeeth of this era and period close, and from them a great number and we have not even mentioned 1/10 (One tenth) of them. Likewise in the same time a group of people of Ahlur-Rayy (The people of opinion) Wal-Furoo (The hanafee’s), and how many of their heads were mu’tazilees and Shee’ah and the people of Kalaam were present. Who chased people statements (Fatwaas) and left the way of the Salaf which was to hold onto the hadeeth of the Prophet. And from this same time taqleed became apparent amongst the people and the fuqaha performed ijtihaad to a lesser extent.”[Tazkara tul-Huffaz Vol 2 page 627 under the biography of Abu Muhammad Fzal bin Muhammad]

Shhhhhhhhh !!!!!!! Beware of Muqallids

However, I believe that to generalise about the common folk by saying that they all must perform taqleed is invalid.

Taqleed is to follow others without evidence.

Many intelligent people can clearly understand evidence if it is presented to them. Who can deny that a common person can understand the evidence contained in the hadeeth, "Tayammum is one strike (of the hands on the dust) for the face and hands"? Even people lacking intelligence can understand this hadeeth. Therefore, the truth is that we must say that Taqleed is allowed for whosoever cannot search for or understand the evidence, Ibn al-Qayyim also was of this opinion. Even scholars are forced to do Taqleed sometimes, when a scholar cannot find a text from Allaah or His Messenger, but only sayings of more knowledgeable scholars."

 

[thariq2005]

However, I believe that to generalise about the common folk by saying that they all must perform taqleed is invalid.

Taqleed is to follow others without evidence.

Many intelligent people can clearly understand evidence if it is presented to them. Who can deny that a common person can understand the evidence contained in the hadeeth, "Tayammum is one strike (of the hands on the dust) for the face and hands"? Even people lacking intelligence can understand this hadeeth. Therefore, the truth is that we must say that Taqleed is allowed for whosoever cannot search for or understand the evidence, Ibn al-Qayyim also was of this opinion. Even scholars are forced to do Taqleed sometimes, when a scholar cannot find a text from Allaah or His Messenger, but only sayings of more knowledgeable scholars."

Shaykh al-Albaanee after the highlighted part said: "Therefore, the truth is that we must say that Taqleed is allowed for whosoever cannot search for or understand the evidence, Ibn al-Qayyim also was of this opinion."

When it comes to understanding of the evidences, a layman (who has studied/read enough to understand the basics of evidences) will be able to comprehend a bit. As for a normal layman, who knows no arabic or has no clue about the sciences of hadeeth will not be able to comprehend the actual reality of the evidence.

This is why I asked you this question previously:

Where do you place your hands in Salaah (i.e. when you are standing) and what are the evidences? Once you answer this question, I will show you how you do taqleed in shaa'Allaah.

I would appreciate if you could answer this question, just so you can get the point I am trying to put across.

 

[Aziboy]

Assalam Alaykum Akhee,

Refer to this link

http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vbe/archive/index.php/t-6897.html

Also would like to know how do you see the below verse from the Glorious Qur'an:

O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority from amongst you, then if you have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the (Prophetic) Messenger if you believe in Allah and the Last Day (of Jedgement). That is better and very good in the end. (4:59)

Qur'an and Hadiths with never contradict, not even the hadith with another hadith [except for the concequences], from the above verse its clear that there would be dispute concerning matters and then we have to refer it to ALLAH and his Messenger [saw].

I would appreciate if you could bring us any Quranic verse or a hadith which approves of Taqleed [blind following], not the scholars [may ALLAH have mercy on them] and the disputes, we shall talk only with the Qur'an and Hadith, so quote some.

Jazak Allahu Khair

 

[thariq2005]

Assalam Alaykum Akhee,

Refer to this link

http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vbe/archive/index.php/t-6897.html

Also would like to know how do you see the below verse from the Glorious Qur'an:

O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority from amongst you, then if you have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the (Prophetic) Messenger if you believe in Allah and the Last Day (of Jedgement). That is better and very good in the end. (4:59)

Qur'an and Hadiths with never contradict, not even the hadith with another hadith [except for the concequences], from the above verse its clear that there would be dispute concerning matters and then we have to refer it to ALLAH and his Messenger [saw].

I would appreciate if you could bring us any Quranic verse or a hadith which approves of Taqleed [blind following], not the scholars [may ALLAH have mercy on them] and the disputes, we shall talk only with the Qur'an and Hadith, so quote some.

Jazak Allahu Khair

Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaah

So, you believe that a person can place his hands anywhere right?

 

[Aziboy]

I am no one neither you are to say anything, I asked ya the evidences from Qur'an and hadith on Taqlid coz you replied to this post then shall we proceed insha Allah.

 

[thariq2005]

I am no one neither you are to say anything, I asked ya the evidences from Qur'an and hadith on Taqlid coz you replied to this post then shall we proceed insha Allah.

Before I answer that question, tell me if you follow the opinion that one can place his hands anywhere?

 

[Aziboy]

Well, I started the thread so if you have the answer from the Qur'an and Hadith that approves of Taqlid, bring your proof or else, thank you very much

 

[thariq2005]

Well, I started the thread so if you have the answer from the Qur'an and Hadith that approves of Taqlid, bring your proof or else, thank you very much

You have the evidence in your very own post that you posted:

So taqleed is obligatory upon him, due to the saying of Allaah - The Most High, "ask the people of knowledge if you do not know."

 

[Aziboy]

“But no, by your Lord, they can have no faith, until they make you (O’ Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions, and accept them with full submission” (Sura An-Nisa 4:65)

“It is not fitting for a believer, man or woman, when a matter has been decreed by Allaah and His Messenger to have any choice in the matter. If anyone disobeys Allaah and His Messenger he is clearly astray” (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:36)

 

[thariq2005]

“But no, by your Lord, they can have no faith, until they make you (O’ Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions, and accept them with full submission” (Sura An-Nisa 4:65)

“It is not fitting for a believer, man or woman, when a matter has been decreed by Allaah and His Messenger to have any choice in the matter. If anyone disobeys Allaah and His Messenger he is clearly astray” (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:36)

Yes, and who from the scholars quoted those ayaat as proofs that Taqleed is haraam upon the layman?

 

[Aziboy]

Apart frm asking questions, I would appreciate if you could answer,
get me the word taqlid approved of Qur'an and Sunnah

jazak Allahu Khair

 

[thariq2005]

Apart frm asking questions, I would appreciate if you could answer,
get me the word taqlid approved of Qur'an and Sunnah

jazak Allahu Khair

Brother, you are the one giving the ruling that taqleed is not permissible. So the proof is upon you, not me.

Besides the ayah says, ask the people of knowledge "if you do not know". And laymen do not know what is authentic, what is weak, what is abrogated and what is the abrogator etc. etc. So it's the most obvious thing a person can deny.

Either you say, that you know and thus no need to ask scholars or that you do not know and thus ask scholars.

 

[Aziboy]

Assalam Alaykum,

I was actually seeking an answer from you based on Qur'an and Sunnah with regards to Taqlid [following a madhab blindly].

The followers of the madhhabs are not all the same. Some of them are mujtahids within their madhhab, and some are followers (muqallids) who do not go against their madhhabs in any regard.

Abu Haneefah said: “This is my opinion, but if there comes someone whose opinion is better than mine, then accept that.”
Maalik said: “I am only human, I may be right or I may be wrong, so measure my words by the Qur’aan and Sunnah.”
Al-Shaafa’i said: “If the hadeeth is saheeh, then ignore my words. If you see well established evidence, then this is my view.”
Imam Ahmad said: “Do not follow me blindly, and do not follow Maalik or al-Shaafa’i or al-Thawri blindly. Learn as we have learned.”
And he said, “Do not follow men blindly with regard to your religion, for they can never be safe from error.”

Ibn Hammam Al Hanafi 861 h said:
"Taqleed is acting without proof upon the action of someone whose saying is not among evidence(Quran and Sunnah), following Prophet peace be upon him and Consensus is not taqleed
[Tahreer Ibn Hammam fe ilm al asool vol 3 page 453]

Ibn Hajib al Nahwi (646 h) said
فالتقليد العمل بقول غيرك من غير حجة وليس الرجوع الى قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم والى الاجماع والعامى الى المفتى والقاضى الى العدول بتقليد لقيام الحجة

Taqleed is following other then (Prophet) without evidence, so Following Prophet peace be upon him and Ijma, laymen asking from Mufti, Qadhi making judgment based on testimony of witness is not Taqleed because there is evidence on that.
منتهى الوصول والأمل في علمي الأصول والجدل page 218

And you are saying asking a scholar itself means taqlid? so prove it from Qur'an and Hadith where the word Taqlid is explicitly mentioned.

So you dont have the answer, huh?

Nps, take care and remember me and every Muslim in ur dua

Ma'salam

 

[Abu Talib]

Assalamu`alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabrakaatu

Brother Asif whether you agree or not you and me do Taqleed and are a Layman. Since you have already visited Multaqa Ahl al Hadeeth search for Taqleed and you would find everywhere this. I hope you follow Multaqa there are proper students of knowledge and those who have already passed that stage on it.

Everyone is a Muqallid in one way or another whether they like it or not. Many ignorant people think that by just reading couple of chapters or articles or comparative fiqh books that they know it all. So, they start flooding everyone with what "they" think is correct and incorrect. Like, seriously, it takes me no more than 10 seconds to know if the one who talks is an actual student of knowledge or just someone who reads!! Many people felt insulted when they were put down to earth where they belong because at some point they liked the idea of being pointed at as a student of knowledge or knowledgable!!

Laypeople job is take the view of the one they trust the most of known scholars. This is their task of navigating views.

Scholars and advanced well-versed students of knowledge task is to navigate views based on the laid down set of principles of their Madhab.

This is as simple as this.

Taqlid has nothing to do with blind following and this term "blind following" is used by scholars to condemn scholars (NOT LAYPEOPLE) who realize the truth yet still prefer do taqlid!!!
By Ayman Bin Khaled

Your asking for evidence of Taqleed explicitly mentioned in Qur`an & Ahadeeth well then what would you do if brother Thariq asks you to bring evidence which explicitly says Taqleed is haraam?

 

[Aziboy]

Assalamu`alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabrakaatu

Brother Asif whether you agree or not you and me do Taqleed and are a Layman. Since you have already visited Multaqa Ahl al Hadeeth search for Taqleed and you would find everywhere this. I hope you follow Multaqa there are proper students of knowledge and those who have already passed that stage on it.



Your asking for evidence of Taqleed explicitly mentioned in Qur`an & Ahadeeth well then what would you do if brother Thariq asks you to bring evidence which explicitly says Taqleed is haraam?

:salam2:

Read the Qur'an and you'll get the answer, pls brother therez a lot of confusions already, pls dont come up with anything new now. You mean if anything which is not forbidden in the Qur'an and Hadith, you'll take if for granted or wat?

There are so many verses which says Obey ALLAH and Obey his Messenger [saw] some of which I've already quoted above, dont you find them contradictory to what Taqlid means?

 

[Abu Talib]

:salam2:

Read the Qur'an and you'll get the answer, pls brother therez a lot of confusions already, pls dont come up with anything new now. You mean if anything which is not forbidden in the Qur'an and Hadith, you'll take if for granted or wat?

There are so many verses which says Obey ALLAH and Obey his Messenger [saw] some of which I've already quoted above, dont you find them contradictory to what Taqlid means?

Your confused with the whole concept of "Taqleed" and "Muqallid" thats the problem. There are huge volumes and books that explain the etymology of taqleed various scholars of Usool al Fiqh defined it in different ways. Please don't think its a refutation or asking you just close your eyes and follow Scholars. We all can read Qur'aan and Hadeeth the problem is we don't have the knowledge to derive rulings from it.

Everyone who is not a Mujtahid is a Muqalid.

You may read this also http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vbe/showthread.php?t=6899

 

[thariq2005]

Assalam Alaykum,

I was actually seeking an answer from you based on Qur'an and Sunnah with regards to Taqlid [following a madhab blindly].

Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaah

Apologies that I could not elaborate properly previously.

Firstly, if you are looking for the word taqleed from the Qur'aan and Sunnah then I don't know if that word is there (it is not there in the Qur'aan atleast). But as it has been highlighted, scholars derived the rulings pertaining to Taqleed based on the ayah: "So ask the people of knowledge if you do not know"

The fact that the word taqleed is not there in the Qur'aan and sunnah does not mean it is not legislated. If this is the deciding factor (that the word should be in the Qur'aan and Sunnah) then Islaam won't be as preserved as it is today. Modernists will ask you, where is the word free-mixing in the Qur'aan or Sunnah (i.e. إختلاط in arabic). People will say that the word 'cigarette" is not in the Qur'aan and Sunnah either.

Can I ask you, can you to show me any ayah or hadeeth that says the word ijmaa`? Or any explicit ayah that says that Ijmaa` is from the sources of Islaam? Yet scholars consider ijmaa` as one of the sources of Islaam, i.e. it is as much as a legislative source as the Qur'aand and Sunnah is.

The followers of the madhhabs are not all the same. Some of them are mujtahids within their madhhab, and some are followers (muqallids) who do not go against their madhhabs in any regard.

Yes and there is nothing wrong in a layman to follow a madh-hab. As it has been highlighted before, we cannot say that it is 'waajib' to follow a madh-hab. Rather a layman follows any scholar he trusts.

Abu Haneefah said: “This is my opinion, but if there comes someone whose opinion is better than mine, then accept that.”
Maalik said: “I am only human, I may be right or I may be wrong, so measure my words by the Qur’aan and Sunnah.”
Al-Shaafa’i said: “If the hadeeth is saheeh, then ignore my words. If you see well established evidence, then this is my view.”
Imam Ahmad said: “Do not follow me blindly, and do not follow Maalik or al-Shaafa’i or al-Thawri blindly. Learn as we have learned.”
And he said, “Do not follow men blindly with regard to your religion, for they can never be safe from error.”

And all this statements were directed at their students who are able to do ijtihaad! These statements were not directed at laymen.

And you are saying asking a scholar itself means taqlid? so prove it from Qur'an and Hadith where the word Taqlid is explicitly mentioned.

When you ask a scholar, you are asking him because you DO NOT KNOW. When you ask him and he gives you a ruling and you follow that ruling, then you are blind following that scholar. Because following the ruling of a scholar is blind following as even you posted in the article: "Technically it means: Following he whose sayings is not a proof (hujjah)."

I've been asking you to answer a simple question which you've been refusing to answer, but let me answer it for you. If we assume that you take the opinion that one may place his hands wherever he wants in Salaah (in Qiyaam), then this either means one of the two things: 1) You concluded upon this ruling by doing ijtihaad 2) You concluded upon this ruling because of following the fatwa of a trustworthy scholar.

If you did 1, then this essentially entails that you have researched ALL the narrations (in Arabic) that have been narrated regarding this issue. This not only includes researching narrations on the Prophet :saw2: but also narrations from the Sahaabah and the salaf. And then once you have found all the narrations, it will also mean that you fully understand the context and meaning of all the narrations. Thereafter, you analyze the chains of narrations of each and every narration and look at every single narrator in every single chain of narration and then judge each chain to be either authentic or weak. For you to judge it to be authentic or weak means that you have mastered Mustalah al-Hadeeth (which takes many years to master) and then be able to do your own ijtihaad (which may even take a lifetime to reach!).

After doing all that you concluded that the ruling concerning the one who may place his hands wherever he wishes.

If you did 2, then this essentially means that you see that trustworthy imaams or scholars have weakened all the narrations and just gave the ruling and you took that ruling and acted upon it. For example, Imaam Ahmad concluded that the musalli may place his hands anywhere. You as a layman (for example) trust Imaam Ahmad's knowledge in hadeeth and know he was one of the biggest imaams in hadeeth and you accept his ruling. This, in brief, is you doing taqleed. Whether you see the narrations in support of his view or not or whether you see who he weakened in the chains of narrations- does not change the fact that you are still blind following him. Because this ruling was concluded by him and you just accepted his conclusion because you trust him.

 

[finding light]

Asalamualykum,

Not to say that most of the above flew over my head - but my question is then, what is correct for a layman to do? Of course it does take many years to master all narrations and although we strive for that, along the way we have to practice Islam so we take the rulings of scholars that we trust with regards to our everyday lives. As a layman, thats all we can do because of our very limited knowledge...

Or we could just believe what our parents tell us and propagate the same message to our children.. yep! that worked great for me

 

[Aziboy]

We have to ask the scholars of the Qur'an and Hadith of any matter which we are unaware with and then we should follow whatever rulings the scholars' gives based on authentic text

 

[thariq2005]

Asalamualykum,

Not to say that most of the above flew over my head - but my question is then, what is correct for a layman to do? Of course it does take many years to master all narrations and although we strive for that, along the way we have to practice Islam so we take the rulings of scholars that we trust with regards to our everyday lives. As a layman, thats all we can do because of our very limited knowledge...

Or we could just believe what our parents tell us and propagate the same message to our children.. yep! that worked great for me

Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaah

For us laymen it is flexible as to who we want to follow. If you, as a lay person, feel comfortable following the mad-hab of your parents (example hanafi madh-hab or shafi`ee madh-hab) then that is perfectly fine. Remember, that many people who innovate or do shirk etc. try and attribute it to the madh-habs they follow ( ex: hanafi madh-hab, shafi`ee madh-hab, maaliki madh-hab or hanbali madh-hab) and this is mainly so that they can 'legitimise' their actions. So, if this is the case then don't follow what your parents are following but rather the actual madh-hab from the right people of knowledge who have studied that madh-hab.

Obviously you are not restricted to follow the madh-hab of your parents, nor is it waajib upon you to do so nor is waajib upon you to follow any one of the four madh-habs. If you have local shaykhs or Imaams then you can follow them (as long as you trust them and they are knowledgable, pious etc.). If you don't want to follow someone local and follow another scholar whom you trust (like maybe IslamQA) then that is fine as well. What should be noted is that it is NOT obligatory for you to restrict yourself to any one scholar but what is obligatory upon you is that you blindly follow (or follow- whatever you may want to call it) trustworthy scholar(s) and not try to derive rulings from the Qur'aan and sunnah yourself.

I hope I was able to explain it to you clearly in shaa' Allaah