PLEASE READ: `Aqeedah Study- Al-Haa'iyyah & Explanation

kashif_nazeer

~~~Alhamdulillah~~~
Brother, what do the rest of those Arabic words mean?

Sister,I would try to post the answer inshaAllah,I would ask brother Thariq or any other knowledgable brother or sister to correct me,if I am wrong and may Allah forgive me if I am wrong.

1.Khaleelullah=Intimate friend of Allah.

My daleel is the following verse:

And who is better in religion than one who submits himself to Allah while being a doer of good and follows the religion of Abraham, inclining toward truth? And Allah took Abraham as an intimate friend.Surat An-Nisā'[4:125]

2.Kaleemullah=The one to whom Allah spoke.

My daleel is the following verse:

And [We sent] messengers about whom We have related [their stories] to you before and messengers about whom We have not related to you. And Allah spoke to Moses with [direct] speech.Surat An-Nisā'[4:164]

Interestingly today I was reading the ayah of Qur'an where Musa(alyhissalaam) expressed his wish to see Allah and Allah said "lan taranee" "You cannot not see me",subhan Allah it's a powerful verse,always has me in awe and keeps playing in my mind this word lan taranee,this the point in believing in Al Ghaib[the hidden/the unseen] ( Subhanahu wata'la).How I wish to see Allah!

The verse is: And when Musa (Moses) came at the time and place appointed by Us, and his Lord spoke to him, he said: "O my Lord! Show me (Yourself), that I may look upon You." Allah said: "You cannot see Me, but look upon the mountain if it stands still in its place then you shall see Me." So when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He made it collapse to dust, and Musa (Moses) fell down unconscious. Then when he recovered his senses he said: "Glory be to You, I turn to You in repentance and I am the first of the believers."Surat Al-'A`rāf [7:143]


3.Ruhullah=A soul coming from Allah

My daleel is the following verse:

O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Mary and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, "Three"; desist - it is better for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs. Surat An-Nisā'[4:171]

4. Habibullah=The Beloved of Allah Muhammad :saw:

My daleel is the hadith of Mi'raj and Isra when beloved Prophet :saw: met Allah(behind a veil) and fell prostrate and I forgot the later part but I remember this Allah said: "And I have taken you to Myself as My beloved."

I would really appreciate if some knowledgable brother or sister corrected this daleel or confirmed it since I could not find any other daleel,so if some one could provide a daleel besides this one,it would be rally kind.
:jazaak:



:wasalam:
 

strive-may-i

Junior Member
All Rasools are Nabi but all Nabis are not Rasools

:salam2:
Firstly sorry for the intervention. I felt I could add some thing more to this
:salam2:
.....
In the Holy Qur'an, they are referred to as Ulul 'Azm, Possessors of strong will and perseverance.They came from distinguished families,they had their laqabs(names) like Najiyullah for Hazrat Nuh(alyhissalaam),Khalilullah for Hazrat Ibrahim(alyhissallam),Kalimullah for Hazrat Musa(alyhissalaam),Ruhullah for Hazrat 'Isa (alyhissalaam) and Habibullah for Hazrat Muhammad( :saw: )
...
..
.
They were messengers(rasul) to the nations, who came to them with guidance,warning and divine law(sharee'ah),the others were anbiya who did not bring a divine law but followed the existing laws.Like Hazrat Yahya(alyhissalaam),Hazrat Zakariya(alyhissalaam),etc.

:wasalam:

Every Rasool to humans(messenger) is a Nabi (Prophet) but every Nabi is not a Rasool.

Wasalamoalaikom wa rahmatullahi wa barakaatuh.
That was new, Jazakallah khair.

The Ulul 'Azm, (Possessors of strong will and perseverance) are the "top 5 best of humans".
Rasool Nooh (Alayhissalaam) Najiyullah, the Confidant of Allah.
Rasool Ibrahim (Alayhissalaam) Khalilullah, the friend of Allah.
Rasool Musa(Alayhissalaam) Kalimullah, One who talked to Allah.
Rasool Isa(Alayhissalaam) Ruhullah, Spirit of Allah .
Sayyadina Rasool Nabi Muhammad Mustafa(sallallaahu alaihiwa sallam) Habibullah, Most beloved of Allah.

Note: Also strongest in will, steadiest in perseverance and for a reason indeed they are given those names!! Their life is worth reading and hearing again n again n again ....

P.S: Roohullah (Spirit of Allah) ... is to be understood just like Messenger of Allah, Slave of Allah, Spirit/Soul is not an attribute but creation of Allah and its from Allah, and should not be be confused to what another religion preaches
 

Aapa

Mirajmom
Assalaam walaikum,

But that is the knowledge that has been given to us. I need to be sure that there are not others that we know nothing about and that knowledge is with Allah. Do you read my fear?
 

your-sister

Junior Member
^sister I understand where you're coming from. And maasha'allah, may Allaah bless you. We are to be cautious of looking into the "unseen"/unknown(Ghaib) matters for that knowledge lies with Him only, Praised be He.

However, I can say that the question set for you was quite simple really. If you just look to the Qur'an, you'll find that prophet Ibraaheen(alaihis-salaam) was the other 'friend' you were asked to look for..
And I'm pretty sure the brother wouldn't ask any of us questions that have something to do with matters of the Ghayb. And instead of choosing not to answer the Q, you could've just answered with what little you knew..
But I admire you for wanting to stay on the safe side!=)
 

Aapa

Mirajmom
Assalaam walaikum,

I could have posted what is known to us. I had a two hour discussion with an older sister. And I stressed my fear.

You have to forgive me but I am on the older side of life and I am very cautious now about faith.

The Prophets of Allah were given different attributes. Yet, they were all slaves of Allah. No matter what the attribute they were still slaves. Even the Beloved of Allah when he dismissed the blind man..Allah sent down an ayat. That gave me goose-bumps.
 

kashif_nazeer

~~~Alhamdulillah~~~
:salam2:
Firstly sorry for the intervention. I felt I could add some thing more to this


Every Rasool to humans(messenger) is a Nabi (Prophet) but every Nabi is not a Rasool.





:wasalam:
No worries,in fact thanks for correcting me,I had the same thing in my mind but it got rephrased on it's way down from my brain to my fingers.
:jazaak:
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
The author, rahimahullaah, then said:

ودنْ بكتابِ الله والسننِ التي أتـت عـنْ رسـول الله تنجـو وتربـحُ
(2) And practice your religion based on the Book of Allaah and the Sunan which has come from the Messenger of Allaah so you will be saved and earn reward.

[Sunan is the the plural of Sunnah]

-------------------​

"Din" is a commandment and is from the from the verb دَانَ/يَدِينُ which means to practise one's religion. Shaykh Saaleh al-Fawzaan mentioned that here it means that one should follow his religion according to the book of Allaah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.

We know that the Qur'aan (the book of Allaah) and the Sunnah are two of the sources of Islaam. We also know that Ijmaa` (consensus) and Qiyaas (Analogy) are the other two sources which the majority of scholars have generally accepted.

Qur'aan: This is the speech of Allaah that was revealed to the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam- the reciting of which is an act of worship.

Sunnah: The Sunnah according to the scholars of hadeeth is that which has been proven to be the statements, the actions, the tacit approvals and the descriptions of the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.

Allaah said in Soorah al-Hashr: 7
وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانتَهُوا
And whatsoever the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it)


The Sunnah is Wahiy (revelation) just like the Qur'aan. Allaah mentioned in Soorah al-Najm: 3-4
وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَىٰ
And he does not speak of (his own) desire.

إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَىٰ
It is not but a revelation that is revealed,

Ijmaa`: The Unanimous agreement of scholars from a specific time (generation) on a particular issue.

The evidence for Ijmaa` from the Qur'aan is when Allaah said Soorah al-Nisaa':115
وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا
And whoever contradicts and opposes the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) after the right path has been shown clearly to him, and follows other than the believers' way. We shall keep him in the path he has chosen, and burn him in Hell - what an evil destination.


From the Sunnah, we have the narration of al-Tirmidhi on the authority of Ibn `Umar that the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam said:
"Verily my Ummah will not agree upon error…"

An example for Ijmaa` would be what we discussed in the first line of poetry- where Abu Bakr compiled the Qur'aan and all the Sahaabah agreed to it.

Qiyaas: Extension of a ruling from an old case to a new case because both share the same effective cause (`illah).

The Main components of Qiyaas (known as Arkaan al-Qiyaas):

1. Original Case (Asl)

2. New Case (far`)

3. The ruling of the Original Case (hukm)

4. `Illah (Effective cause)

Let us take a real life situation as an example for Qiyaas:
A young boy is playing in his garden while his family is making BBQ. The boy comes near the fire, so his Mother tells him to stay away from the fire because it will burn him.

A few days later, the same boy is in the kitchen and notices that the food is being cooked on the stove while his mother is upstairs. The boy does not come near the fire and stays away from it- because it will burn him

Original Case: The boy is in the garden

New Case: The boy is in the kitchen

Hukm (Ruling): Stay away from the fire

`Illah (Effective cause): The fire burns


Once the Effective Cause (`Illah) is indentified, the ruling from the Original case is extended to the New case. A contemporary example would be drugs:

Khamr (Alcohol) is Haraam because it intoxicates.

Drugs are Haraam because they intoxicate.

The ruling is that it is Haraam and the `Illah (Effective Cause) is that it intoxicates- so the ruling is extended from the case of the Alcohol to the case of Drugs

--------​

The Mu'allif (author) mentioned "..which has come from the Messenger of Allaah..", meaning that the report has to be proven that it is from the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam [i.e. the hadeeth is saheeh or hasan]

Generally, saheeh and hasan reports are those that can be cited as evidence. Saheeh being authentic, and hasan being lower than Saheeh.

Narrations are of two types: Mutawaatir and Aahaad.

For a report to be Mutawaatir, there are 4 conditions:

1. A large amount of narrators narrating the report.

2. There has to be a large amount of narrators at every stage (tabaq) of the chain.

3. It is impossible for these people to agree upon a lie.

4. The source of the khabar (narration) should be based on sense (i.e the sahaabi reporting should have seen it or heard it)

The Mutawaatir narrations convey sure knowledge and there is no need for anyone to check the authenticity once he finds out that the narration is Mutawaatir.

A real life example for this would be: Ask all the people on this forum if there exists a place called China. Everyone will affirm it even though over 90% of the Members may have never been to China. The reason why people believe in the existence of China is because it has been mentioned by a 'large' number of people and it is impossible for all of these people to agree upon a lie.

The Aahaad report can be divided into three:

• Mashhoor: In brief, this is the report that does not fulfil the conditions for Mutawaatir. It is the narration that has reached us through more than two routes (chains).

• `Azeez: This is the narration that has reached us through two routes.

• Ghareeb: This is the narration that has reached us through one route.

NOTE: The minimum number from any part of the tabaq (stage/level) of the sanad (chain) is taken so as to specify the type of report

As for Ahaad reports, there are 5 conditions for a report to be authentic as mentioned by Ibn Hajar in his book, Nukhbatul Fikr:

• The first: The raawi (narrator) is `adl (upright), the raawi has to be one who is practising in his religion and upright in terms of his honour. Note: What it means to be upright in terms of honour is that the raawi stays away and guards himself from anything that is dispraised in accordance to the shari`ah and in accordance to the `urf (custom of the people)

• As for the second then it is taamm al-Dabt (thoroughly accurate person). This applies to the narrators and is of two types: 1) Accurate in terms of memory 2) Accurate in terms of the book.

1) The narrator is accurate in terms of memory, which means their memory has to be very sharp.

2) If they are accurate in terms of their books then the narrators must safeguard their books in which they have the narrations from their teachers.

• As for the third: then every narrator must have heard it from the person he is narrating from i.e the sanad (chain) of the narration should be muttasil (continuous)

• Fourth: The narrator should not be shaadh(oppose someone who is more thiqah [reliable] than him)

• Fifthly, there should be no defects in the narrations

As for the Hasan ahaadeeth, if the narrator is less in his 'Dabt' (accuracy), then the narration is classified as Hasan.

There are some people who reject khabar Ahaad and do not take it into `Aqeedah. They say that they will only accept mutawaatir reports into `Aqeedah, and if a person was to only accept Mutawaatir narrations, then he would have rejected over 90% of the sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam as the mutawaatir reports are few in number. This was something that was NOT from the madh-hab of the Sahaabah.

From the many proofs that prove such claims to be baatil (invalid) is the hadeeth narrated by Imaam al-Bukhaari when the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam sent Mu`aadh ibn Jabal to the people of Yemen, He sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam said to him:
إنك تَقْدَمُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ، فَلْيَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُوَحِّدُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى
You are going to come across to a nation from the people of the book, so let the first thing you call them towards is the Oneness of Allaah…

The Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam sent Mu`aadh (one Sahaabi) to convey the most important pillar of `Aqeedah and we learn that the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam did not send a group of them, rather only one of them.

And another proof from Bukhaari and Muslim are the narrations which mention that the Sahaabah turned their faces towards the ka`bah (turned away from Baytul Maqdis) based on the information that came to them from one Sahaabi. This is further proof against those who reject khabar Ahaad into `Aqeedah.


--------​

To elaborate briefly on رَسُول اللهِ (Messenger of Allaah): The first Messenger of Allaah was Nooh `alayhis-salaam, and the evidence for that is the report from Bukhaari and Muslim on the authority of Abu Hurairah (ra) [only part of it has been quoted]:
....أن الناس يأتون إلى نوح فيقولون له : أنت أول رسول أرسله الله إلى أهل الأرض .....
“… the people will come to Nooh and will say to him, ‘You are the first Messenger whom Allaah sent to the people of the earth…”.

As for the first prophet, then that was Adam `alayhis-salaam, and the evidence for that is that which was narrated by Ibn Hibbaan is his Saheeh where the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam was asked about Adam – was he a Prophet? He said, “yes, a Prophet to whom Allaah spoke.” [Remember every Messenger was a Prophet, but not every Prophet was a Messenger]

There are 5 that are the greatest from amongst the Prophets: Nooh, Ibraaheem, Moosa, `Eesa [`Alayhumus-salaam] and Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam [This is in the order they came], and from the best of them was Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam and then Ibraaheem `alayhis-salaam for they were the Khaleel of Allaah [Close friend of Allaah] and this is the most perfect form of love.

Allaah says regarding Ibraaheem `alayhis-salaam:
وَاتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا
"And Allaah did take Ibraaheem as a Khaleel [Soorah An-Nisaa': 125]"

As for Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam, then the evidence is in Saheeh Muslim
إن الله اتخذني خليلاً كما اتخذ إبراهيم خليلاً
“Allaah has taken me as a close friend (khaleel) just as he took Ibraaheem as a close friend.”


[Remember that Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam was the best of the Messengers (and Prophets)].

As for the difference between a Messenger and a Prophet: Messengers were sent to disbelieving nations while Prophets were sent to believing nations. This was the view chosen by Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullaah in his book An-Nubuwaat and this definition seems to include all the Messengers and Prophets and Allaah knows best.


--------​

Finally, the Mu'allif (author) mentions that the one who sticks to the book of Allaah and the authentic narrations will be saved. The Mu`allif also mentions that he will earn reward, and this is that reward which is both in this dunya and in the 'aakhirah.
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
Apologies about the delay- was waiting for all the members to post but seems like all the members couldn't make it.

Please let me know if anything above was not clear.
 

Aapa

Mirajmom
Assalaam walaikum,

Two things.

One:"Verily my Ummah will not agree upon error…"

In light of the crazy world political situation. expand on this please. There is supposed to be an uprising in Algeria this weekend.

Two: a lie is a lie. The number of those who agree upon it does not matter, does it. Christianity was turned into a lie and there are millions of believe in that lie.

Help me out with this please.
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaah

It means the entire Ummah. So, for example if you have someone come and say that Salaah al-`Asr is 5 rak`ah and not 4- then this will be rejected right there and then... as the entire Muslim Ummah has agreed that it is 4 Rak`ah.

So, when we say the Ummah we mean the 'entire' Ummah and not part of a nation or anything similar to that.

With regards to the second question... one thing to note is that Ijmaa` (Consensus) is one of the unique characteristics of Islaam, which is not in any other religion. We see that Allaah preserved Islaam through the great scholars of Islaam- who laid down the Usool (Fundamentals of the religion), so no one can tamper with the Qur'aan or the fundamentals of this religion.

And it can never be possible for the Ummah of Muhammad :saw2: to entirely agree upon a lie or an error. We have the various narrations, with different wordings, where the Messenger of Allaah :saw2: said: ‘A group of my ummah will continue victoriously adhering to the truth until the Last Hour begins.’

So, it can never be the case that the 'entire' ummah agrees upon falsehood. All praises are due to Allaah for blessing us with al-Islaam.

P.S Did all of you's understand the basic concept of how Qiyaas works? 'Cos a lot of people struggled with it in class.

Wassalaamu `alaykum
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaahi wa barakaatuh

I can VM you the question if you want. But, I was going to ask the next set of questions after two days (i.e Sunday morning)- that way people have a bit of a break, as the next line of poetry has a lot of work to it.

Question to ask? Please let me know if it was related to the second line of poetry.

We will wait for you inshaa'Allaah
 

Seeking Allah's Mercy

Qul HuwaAllahu Ahud!
Wa `alaykum salaam wa rahmatullaahi wa barakaatuh

I can VM you the question. But, I was going to ask the next set of questions after two days (i.e Sunday morning)- that way people have a bit of a break, as the next line of poetry has a lot of work to it.

Question to ask? Please let me know if it was related to the second line of poetry.

We will wait for you inshaa'Allaah

Cool. I'll catch up on the next question then. I try not to make anyone wait Inshaa'Allaah.

Yeah actually, I was having this discussion with Br. Ibn Uthaymin some 10 months ago, about prophets and he said there was this opinion -not very popular, but existing - that there are female prophets too.

My confusion is this:

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِم

And We sent not before you (as Messengers) any but men.

Though it says messengers in the bracketts, but it's not explicitly mentioned in the ayah, if I'm reading the arabic correctly. So if I'm correct about this ayah doesn't it mean all the prophet's were males too.

Aakhi Ibn Uthaymin said:
There were six female prophets:

hawwaa, Hajar, Sara, Umm Musa, Asiya and Maryam.

and he said:
وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَرْضِعِيهِ

Basically, from that verse some scholars derived and concluded that the mother of Moses was a prophet because revelation was sent down to her. (wahy).

There is a difference between messengers and prophet. Men were sent down as messenger, but women were not. This is not the case with prophets. And Imam Ibn Hajr gathered evidence from other verses and narrations from the prophet and concluded that there are six female prophets.

One thing though, many scholars disagreed with this.


After this I went away and we couldn't carry on. So what's the answer?
 

kashif_nazeer

~~~Alhamdulillah~~~
The author, rahimahullaah, then said:

ودنْ بكتابِ الله والسننِ التي أتـت عـنْ رسـول الله تنجـو وتربـحُ
(2) And practice your religion based on the Book of Allaah and the Sunan which has come from the Messenger of Allaah so you will be saved and earn reward.

[Sunan is the the plural of Sunnah]

-------------------​

"Din" is a commandment and is from the from the verb دَانَ/يَدِينُ which means to practise one's religion. Shaykh Saaleh al-Fawzaan mentioned that here it means that one should follow his religion according to the book of Allaah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.

We know that the Qur'aan (the book of Allaah) and the Sunnah are two of the sources of Islaam. We also know that Ijmaa` (consensus) and Qiyaas (Analogy) are the other two sources which the majority of scholars have generally accepted.

Qur'aan: This is the speech of Allaah that was revealed to the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam- the reciting of which is an act of worship.

Sunnah: The Sunnah according to the scholars of hadeeth is that which has been proven to be the statements, the actions, the tacit approvals and the descriptions of the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.

Allaah said in Soorah al-Hashr: 7
وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانتَهُوا
And whatsoever the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it)


The Sunnah is Wahiy (revelation) just like the Qur'aan. Allaah mentioned in Soorah al-Najm: 3-4
وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَىٰ
And he does not speak of (his own) desire.

إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَىٰ
It is not but a revelation that is revealed,

Ijmaa`: The Unanimous agreement of scholars from a specific time (generation) on a particular issue.

The evidence for Ijmaa` from the Qur'aan is when Allaah said Soorah al-Nisaa':115
وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا
And whoever contradicts and opposes the Messenger (Muhammad SAW) after the right path has been shown clearly to him, and follows other than the believers' way. We shall keep him in the path he has chosen, and burn him in Hell - what an evil destination.


From the Sunnah, we have the narration of al-Tirmidhi on the authority of Ibn `Umar that the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam said:
"Verily my Ummah will not agree upon error…"

An example for Ijmaa` would be what we discussed in the first line of poetry- where Abu Bakr compiled the Qur'aan and all the Sahaabah agreed to it.

Qiyaas: Extension of a ruling from an old case to a new case because both share the same effective cause (`illah).

The Main components of Qiyaas (known as Arkaan al-Qiyaas):

1. Original Case (Asl)

2. New Case (far`)

3. The ruling of the Original Case (hukm)

4. `Illah (Effective cause)

Let us take a real life situation as an example for Qiyaas:
A young boy is playing in his garden while his family is making BBQ. The boy comes near the fire, so his Mother tells him to stay away from the fire because it will burn him.

A few days later, the same boy is in the kitchen and notices that the food is being cooked on the stove while his mother is upstairs. The boy does not come near the fire and stays away from it- because it will burn him

Original Case: The boy is in the garden

New Case: The boy is in the kitchen

Hukm (Ruling): Stay away from the fire

`Illah (Effective cause): The fire burns


Once the Effective Cause (`Illah) is indentified, the ruling from the Original case is extended to the New case. A contemporary example would be drugs:

Khamr (Alcohol) is Haraam because it intoxicates.

Drugs are Haraam because they intoxicate.

The ruling is that it is Haraam and the `Illah (Effective Cause) is that it intoxicates- so the ruling is extended from the case of the Alcohol to the case of Drugs

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The Mu'allif (author) mentioned "..which has come from the Messenger of Allaah..", meaning that the report has to be proven that it is from the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam [i.e. the hadeeth is saheeh or hasan]

Generally, saheeh and hasan reports are those that can be cited as evidence. Saheeh being authentic, and hasan being lower than Saheeh.

Narrations are of two types: Mutawaatir and Aahaad.

For a report to be Mutawaatir, there are 4 conditions:

1. A large amount of narrators narrating the report.

2. There has to be a large amount of narrators at every stage (tabaq) of the chain.

3. It is impossible for these people to agree upon a lie.

4. The source of the khabar (narration) should be based on sense (i.e the sahaabi reporting should have seen it or heard it)

The Mutawaatir narrations convey sure knowledge and there is no need for anyone to check the authenticity once he finds out that the narration is Mutawaatir.

A real life example for this would be: Ask all the people on this forum if there exists a place called China. Everyone will affirm it even though over 90% of the Members may have never been to China. The reason why people believe in the existence of China is because it has been mentioned by a 'large' number of people and it is impossible for all of these people to agree upon a lie.

The Aahaad report can be divided into three:

• Mashhoor: In brief, this is the report that does not fulfil the conditions for Mutawaatir. It is the narration that has reached us through more than two routes (chains).

• `Azeez: This is the narration that has reached us through two routes.

• Ghareeb: This is the narration that has reached us through one route.

NOTE: The minimum number from any part of the tabaq (stage/level) of the sanad (chain) is taken so as to specify the type of report

As for Ahaad reports, there are 5 conditions for a report to be authentic as mentioned by Ibn Hajar in his book, Nukhbatul Fikr:

• The first: The raawi (narrator) is `adl (upright), the raawi has to be one who is practising in his religion and upright in terms of his honour. Note: What it means to be upright in terms of honour is that the raawi stays away and guards himself from anything that is dispraised in accordance to the shari`ah and in accordance to the `urf (custom of the people)

• As for the second then it is taamm al-Dabt (thoroughly accurate person). This applies to the narrators and is of two types: 1) Accurate in terms of memory 2) Accurate in terms of the book.

1) The narrator is accurate in terms of memory, which means their memory has to be very sharp.

2) If they are accurate in terms of their books then the narrators must safeguard their books in which they have the narrations from their teachers.

• As for the third: then every narrator must have heard it from the person he is narrating from i.e the sanad (chain) of the narration should be muttasil (continuous)

• Fourth: The narrator should not be shaadh(oppose someone who is more thiqah [reliable] than him)

• Fifthly, there should be no defects in the narrations

As for the Hasan ahaadeeth, if the narrator is less in his 'Dabt' (accuracy), then the narration is classified as Hasan.

There are some people who reject khabar Ahaad and do not take it into `Aqeedah. They say that they will only accept mutawaatir reports into `Aqeedah, and if a person was to only accept Mutawaatir narrations, then he would have rejected over 90% of the sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam as the mutawaatir reports are few in number. This was something that was NOT from the madh-hab of the Sahaabah.

From the many proofs that prove such claims to be baatil (invalid) is the hadeeth narrated by Imaam al-Bukhaari when the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam sent Mu`aadh ibn Jabal to the people of Yemen, He sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam said to him:
إنك تَقْدَمُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ، فَلْيَكُنْ أَوَّلَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُوَحِّدُوا اللَّهَ تَعَالَى
You are going to come across to a nation from the people of the book, so let the first thing you call them towards is the Oneness of Allaah…

The Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam sent Mu`aadh (one Sahaabi) to convey the most important pillar of `Aqeedah and we learn that the Messenger of Allaah sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam did not send a group of them, rather only one of them.

And another proof from Bukhaari and Muslim are the narrations which mention that the Sahaabah turned their faces towards the ka`bah (turned away from Baytul Maqdis) based on the information that came to them from one Sahaabi. This is further proof against those who reject khabar Ahaad into `Aqeedah.


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To elaborate briefly on رَسُول اللهِ (Messenger of Allaah): The first Messenger of Allaah was Nooh `alayhis-salaam, and the evidence for that is the report from Bukhaari and Muslim on the authority of Abu Hurairah (ra) [only part of it has been quoted]:
....أن الناس يأتون إلى نوح فيقولون له : أنت أول رسول أرسله الله إلى أهل الأرض .....
“… the people will come to Nooh and will say to him, ‘You are the first Messenger whom Allaah sent to the people of the earth…”.

As for the first prophet, then that was Adam `alayhis-salaam, and the evidence for that is that which was narrated by Ibn Hibbaan is his Saheeh where the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam was asked about Adam – was he a Prophet? He said, “yes, a Prophet to whom Allaah spoke.” [Remember every Messenger was a Prophet, but not every Prophet was a Messenger]

There are 5 that are the greatest from amongst the Prophets: Nooh, Ibraaheem, Moosa, `Eesa [`Alayhumus-salaam] and Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam [This is in the order they came], and from the best of them was Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam and then Ibraaheem `alayhis-salaam for they were the Khaleel of Allaah [Close friend of Allaah] and this is the most perfect form of love.

Allaah says regarding Ibraaheem `alayhis-salaam:
وَاتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا
"And Allaah did take Ibraaheem as a Khaleel [Soorah An-Nisaa': 125]"

As for Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam, then the evidence is in Saheeh Muslim
إن الله اتخذني خليلاً كما اتخذ إبراهيم خليلاً
“Allaah has taken me as a close friend (khaleel) just as he took Ibraaheem as a close friend.”


[Remember that Muhammad sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam was the best of the Messengers (and Prophets)].

As for the difference between a Messenger and a Prophet: Messengers were sent to disbelieving nations while Prophets were sent to believing nations. This was the view chosen by Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullaah in his book An-Nubuwaat and this definition seems to include all the Messengers and Prophets and Allaah knows best.


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Finally, the Mu'allif (author) mentions that the one who sticks to the book of Allaah and the authentic narrations will be saved. The Mu`allif also mentions that he will earn reward, and this is that reward which is both in this dunya and in the 'aakhirah.

:jazaak:

The Concept of Qiyaas is clear,alhamdulillah,as the analogies explain them clealrly.
However,could you elaborate on khabar ahaad and why ,not many people accept it into aqeedah and reject it?
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
Assalaamu `alaykum. I really apologize, I got caught up with some stuff.

I hope you guys can excuse me for one more day. I really apologize
 

Janaan

ربنا اغفر لنا ذنوبنا
Staff member
Wa`alaikum salaam warahmatullaahi wabarakaatuh!

It's fine, akhy. Take your time inshaa'Allaah.

Oh and I've a question you'll have to answer... Can you give another example of Qiyaas? (a "deeny" example please)
I know I answered the "qiyaas" question, but my post was a rephrase of some stuff I read online, actually.

JazaakAllaahu khayr for this wonderful thread btw.

PS: Thanks for covering for me, yasmine. I can take it from here =)
 

IbnAdam77

Travelling towards my grave.
Assalam 'Alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh brothers and sisters

I really apologise because I happened to come here (a place where I do not have computer/laptop and internet) for few weeks. Now I have to use my phone and its a huge deal to make a detailed post by this, due to the very high price on mobile phone internet. (Thus, I cannot make a referrence search also).

InshaAllah I will post again as soon as I can. May Allah bless you all. :)
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
Assalaamu `alaykum

We will be taking the next two lines of poetry as they are related.

وقل غيرُ مخلوقٍ كلام مليكنا بذلك دان الـأتقياء وأفصحوا

3) And say: Not a created thing is the Speech of our great King,
Such was the religious position of the pious ones (before us) which they clearly expressed.


ولا تكُ في القرآن بالوقف قائلاً كما قال أتْباعٌ لِجَهْمٍ وأسححُوا
4) And do not be a person who takes no position on the Quran,
As did the followers of Jahm, and they had been too lax (to take the right position).


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Question 1: For Sister Aapa


The author instructs us that we should not say that the 'Speech' of The King is not Created. What is the Speech referring to? Briefly explain how Ahl al-Sunnah understand this.

Question 2: For Sister Suhaanah

There is a very famous 'Islamic' figure who defended this specific position of the author and he was from one of the greatest Imaams of Ahl al-Sunnah. He was imprisoned due to his position and beaten.

Who is this Imaam, rahimahullaah? And briefly tell us what exactly happened at his time (with regards to the specific position about the 'Speech of of our King')


Question 3: For Brother Kashif

Give us evidences from the Qur'aan or Sunnah to defend the position of the author

Question 4: For brother IbnAdam (I have reduced your question as you have difficulties in doing research)

The rationalists deviated in terms of the position of the author (which is the belief of Ahl al-Sunnah) and thus deviated from the position of Ahl al-Sunnah with regards to this specific issue and many others.

One of the groups includes the Jahmiyyah. Who is the head of this group and how did it come about? Give us a list of other deviated beliefs from this group. Also let us know if this group is still within the fold of Islaam.


Question 5: For sister your-sister

Based on question 4, we have another group that belongs to the Rationalists (those who were into `Ilm al-Kalaam) and that group is the Mu`tazilah.

Briefly narrate to us as to how this group emerged and give a list of what their common deviated beliefs are.

One of the arguements this group brings in order to reject the fact that Allaah Speaks, is that: If we affirm that Allaah speaks, then this means that Allaah is like a human and attributing to Him a 'body'. They mentioned that affirming Speech to Allaah's Attributes means that Allaah has a mouth, lips, tongue, throat (in order to articulate speech) etc. So, they use their intellect to reject an Attribute of Allaah.

How would you logically refute them from a Qur'aan and Sunnah perspective.


Question 6: For sister Seeking Allaah's Mercy

Based on question 4 again: We have another group that belongs to `Ilm al-Kalaam and this is the Ashaa`irah.

What is their position with regards to the auhor's position and how would you refute their position/s?


Question 7: For Sister friend263

How was the Qur'aan revealed to us? And give us evidence from the Qur'aan to support your statement.

Question 8: For Sister Allaahknowsbest

One of points that the Ashaa`irah mention is that the Qur'aan was in the Lauh al-Mahfooth and that Jibreel `alayhis-salaam took the Qur'aan from it and then recited it to the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.

What is al-Lauh al-Mahfooth and is there any mention of it in the Qur'aan? How correct is the above point by the Ashaa`irah i.e is that how the Qur'aan was revealed to the Prophet sallAllaahu `alayhi wa-sallam.?


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You all have two days from now :- )

Wassalaamu `alaykum
 

thariq2005

Praise be to Allah!
I really apologize to every single one of you for the delay in posting the question. I am sure you will all forgive me, if you knew why I took this long :- )

Anyways getting to the previous questions

Cool. I'll catch up on the next question then. I try not to make anyone wait Inshaa'Allaah.

Yeah actually, I was having this discussion with Br. Ibn Uthaymin some 10 months ago, about prophets and he said there was this opinion -not very popular, but existing - that there are female prophets too.

My confusion is this:

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالاً۬ نُّوحِىٓ إِلَيۡہِم

And We sent not before you (as Messengers) any but men.

Though it says messengers in the bracketts, but it's not explicitly mentioned in the ayah, if I'm reading the arabic correctly. So if I'm correct about this ayah doesn't it mean all the prophet's were males too.

Aakhi Ibn Uthaymin said:


and he said:



After this I went away and we couldn't carry on. So what's the answer?

I actually don't know much about the other opinion (that there were female prophets). Do you have any book I could refer to in english or arabic, so I can read about this?

Either way- I will try and ask our Ustaadh when I see him inshaa'Allaah

:jazaak:

The Concept of Qiyaas is clear,alhamdulillah,as the analogies explain them clealrly.
However,could you elaborate on khabar ahaad and why ,not many people accept it into aqeedah and reject it?

Wa baraakAllaahu feek

One of the reasons that they don't accept Aahaad into `Aqeedah is because it maybe an `Aqeedah related issue and goes against their logic.

^Wa`alaikum salaam warahmatullaahi wabarakaatuh!

It's fine, akhy. Take your time inshaa'Allaah.

Oh and I've a question you'll have to answer(along with everyone else's :S)... Can you give another example of Qiyaas?(a "deeny" example please)
I know i answered the "qiyaas" question..but my post was a rephrase of some stuff i read online, actually.

JazaakAllaahu khayr for this wonderful thread btw.

PS: Thanks for covering for me, yasmine. I can take it from here...=)

BaarakAllaahu feeki

Allaah said in Soorah al-Jumu`ah:9

O you who believe! When the call is proclaimed for the prayer on the day of Jumu`ah prayer, come to the remembrance of Allah (Khutbah and Prayer) and leave off business, that is better for you if you did but know!

The ayah mentions only leaving off business. Does that mean that a student can miss jumu`ah when he is studying?

We can see that the `Illah is that whatever causes a diversion from going to the khutbah is not allowed.

Does that make sense? Or did I confuse you?

-------

Inshaa'Allaah I will delete all the unrelevant posts when I post the commentary in two days time.

Wassalaamu `alaykum
 
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